Mercurial > repos > shellac > sam_consensus_v3
diff env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/psutil/_pslinux.py @ 0:4f3585e2f14b draft default tip
"planemo upload commit 60cee0fc7c0cda8592644e1aad72851dec82c959"
| author | shellac |
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| date | Mon, 22 Mar 2021 18:12:50 +0000 |
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--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/psutil/_pslinux.py Mon Mar 22 18:12:50 2021 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,2154 @@ +# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved. +# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be +# found in the LICENSE file. + +"""Linux platform implementation.""" + +from __future__ import division + +import base64 +import collections +import errno +import functools +import glob +import os +import re +import socket +import struct +import sys +import traceback +import warnings +from collections import defaultdict +from collections import namedtuple + +from . import _common +from . import _psposix +from . import _psutil_linux as cext +from . import _psutil_posix as cext_posix +from ._common import AccessDenied +from ._common import debug +from ._common import decode +from ._common import get_procfs_path +from ._common import isfile_strict +from ._common import memoize +from ._common import memoize_when_activated +from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_FULL +from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_HALF +from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN +from ._common import NoSuchProcess +from ._common import open_binary +from ._common import open_text +from ._common import parse_environ_block +from ._common import path_exists_strict +from ._common import supports_ipv6 +from ._common import usage_percent +from ._common import ZombieProcess +from ._compat import b +from ._compat import basestring +from ._compat import FileNotFoundError +from ._compat import PermissionError +from ._compat import ProcessLookupError +from ._compat import PY3 + +if sys.version_info >= (3, 4): + import enum +else: + enum = None + + +__extra__all__ = [ + # + 'PROCFS_PATH', + # io prio constants + "IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE", "IOPRIO_CLASS_RT", "IOPRIO_CLASS_BE", + "IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE", + # connection status constants + "CONN_ESTABLISHED", "CONN_SYN_SENT", "CONN_SYN_RECV", "CONN_FIN_WAIT1", + "CONN_FIN_WAIT2", "CONN_TIME_WAIT", "CONN_CLOSE", "CONN_CLOSE_WAIT", + "CONN_LAST_ACK", "CONN_LISTEN", "CONN_CLOSING", ] + + +# ===================================================================== +# --- globals +# ===================================================================== + + +POWER_SUPPLY_PATH = "/sys/class/power_supply" +HAS_SMAPS = os.path.exists('/proc/%s/smaps' % os.getpid()) +HAS_PROC_IO_PRIORITY = hasattr(cext, "proc_ioprio_get") +HAS_CPU_AFFINITY = hasattr(cext, "proc_cpu_affinity_get") +_DEFAULT = object() + +# Number of clock ticks per second +CLOCK_TICKS = os.sysconf("SC_CLK_TCK") +PAGESIZE = cext_posix.getpagesize() +BOOT_TIME = None # set later +# Used when reading "big" files, namely /proc/{pid}/smaps and /proc/net/*. +# On Python 2, using a buffer with open() for such files may result in a +# speedup, see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/708 +BIGFILE_BUFFERING = -1 if PY3 else 8192 +LITTLE_ENDIAN = sys.byteorder == 'little' + +# "man iostat" states that sectors are equivalent with blocks and have +# a size of 512 bytes. Despite this value can be queried at runtime +# via /sys/block/{DISK}/queue/hw_sector_size and results may vary +# between 1k, 2k, or 4k... 512 appears to be a magic constant used +# throughout Linux source code: +# * https://stackoverflow.com/a/38136179/376587 +# * https://lists.gt.net/linux/kernel/2241060 +# * https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1305 +# * https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/ +# 4f671fe2f9523a1ea206f63fe60a7c7b3a56d5c7/include/linux/bio.h#L99 +# * https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/8/17/234 +DISK_SECTOR_SIZE = 512 + +if enum is None: + AF_LINK = socket.AF_PACKET +else: + AddressFamily = enum.IntEnum('AddressFamily', + {'AF_LINK': int(socket.AF_PACKET)}) + AF_LINK = AddressFamily.AF_LINK + +# ioprio_* constants http://linux.die.net/man/2/ioprio_get +if enum is None: + IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE = 0 + IOPRIO_CLASS_RT = 1 + IOPRIO_CLASS_BE = 2 + IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE = 3 +else: + class IOPriority(enum.IntEnum): + IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE = 0 + IOPRIO_CLASS_RT = 1 + IOPRIO_CLASS_BE = 2 + IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE = 3 + + globals().update(IOPriority.__members__) + +# See: +# https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blame/master/fs/proc/array.c +# ...and (TASK_* constants): +# https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/include/linux/sched.h +PROC_STATUSES = { + "R": _common.STATUS_RUNNING, + "S": _common.STATUS_SLEEPING, + "D": _common.STATUS_DISK_SLEEP, + "T": _common.STATUS_STOPPED, + "t": _common.STATUS_TRACING_STOP, + "Z": _common.STATUS_ZOMBIE, + "X": _common.STATUS_DEAD, + "x": _common.STATUS_DEAD, + "K": _common.STATUS_WAKE_KILL, + "W": _common.STATUS_WAKING, + "I": _common.STATUS_IDLE, + "P": _common.STATUS_PARKED, +} + +# https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/include/net/tcp_states.h +TCP_STATUSES = { + "01": _common.CONN_ESTABLISHED, + "02": _common.CONN_SYN_SENT, + "03": _common.CONN_SYN_RECV, + "04": _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT1, + "05": _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT2, + "06": _common.CONN_TIME_WAIT, + "07": _common.CONN_CLOSE, + "08": _common.CONN_CLOSE_WAIT, + "09": _common.CONN_LAST_ACK, + "0A": _common.CONN_LISTEN, + "0B": _common.CONN_CLOSING +} + + +# ===================================================================== +# --- named tuples +# ===================================================================== + + +# psutil.virtual_memory() +svmem = namedtuple( + 'svmem', ['total', 'available', 'percent', 'used', 'free', + 'active', 'inactive', 'buffers', 'cached', 'shared', 'slab']) +# psutil.disk_io_counters() +sdiskio = namedtuple( + 'sdiskio', ['read_count', 'write_count', + 'read_bytes', 'write_bytes', + 'read_time', 'write_time', + 'read_merged_count', 'write_merged_count', + 'busy_time']) +# psutil.Process().open_files() +popenfile = namedtuple( + 'popenfile', ['path', 'fd', 'position', 'mode', 'flags']) +# psutil.Process().memory_info() +pmem = namedtuple('pmem', 'rss vms shared text lib data dirty') +# psutil.Process().memory_full_info() +pfullmem = namedtuple('pfullmem', pmem._fields + ('uss', 'pss', 'swap')) +# psutil.Process().memory_maps(grouped=True) +pmmap_grouped = namedtuple( + 'pmmap_grouped', + ['path', 'rss', 'size', 'pss', 'shared_clean', 'shared_dirty', + 'private_clean', 'private_dirty', 'referenced', 'anonymous', 'swap']) +# psutil.Process().memory_maps(grouped=False) +pmmap_ext = namedtuple( + 'pmmap_ext', 'addr perms ' + ' '.join(pmmap_grouped._fields)) +# psutil.Process.io_counters() +pio = namedtuple('pio', ['read_count', 'write_count', + 'read_bytes', 'write_bytes', + 'read_chars', 'write_chars']) +# psutil.Process.cpu_times() +pcputimes = namedtuple('pcputimes', + ['user', 'system', 'children_user', 'children_system', + 'iowait']) + + +# ===================================================================== +# --- utils +# ===================================================================== + + +def readlink(path): + """Wrapper around os.readlink().""" + assert isinstance(path, basestring), path + path = os.readlink(path) + # readlink() might return paths containing null bytes ('\x00') + # resulting in "TypeError: must be encoded string without NULL + # bytes, not str" errors when the string is passed to other + # fs-related functions (os.*, open(), ...). + # Apparently everything after '\x00' is garbage (we can have + # ' (deleted)', 'new' and possibly others), see: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/717 + path = path.split('\x00')[0] + # Certain paths have ' (deleted)' appended. Usually this is + # bogus as the file actually exists. Even if it doesn't we + # don't care. + if path.endswith(' (deleted)') and not path_exists_strict(path): + path = path[:-10] + return path + + +def file_flags_to_mode(flags): + """Convert file's open() flags into a readable string. + Used by Process.open_files(). + """ + modes_map = {os.O_RDONLY: 'r', os.O_WRONLY: 'w', os.O_RDWR: 'w+'} + mode = modes_map[flags & (os.O_RDONLY | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_RDWR)] + if flags & os.O_APPEND: + mode = mode.replace('w', 'a', 1) + mode = mode.replace('w+', 'r+') + # possible values: r, w, a, r+, a+ + return mode + + +def is_storage_device(name): + """Return True if the given name refers to a root device (e.g. + "sda", "nvme0n1") as opposed to a logical partition (e.g. "sda1", + "nvme0n1p1"). If name is a virtual device (e.g. "loop1", "ram") + return True. + """ + # Readapted from iostat source code, see: + # https://github.com/sysstat/sysstat/blob/ + # 97912938cd476645b267280069e83b1c8dc0e1c7/common.c#L208 + # Some devices may have a slash in their name (e.g. cciss/c0d0...). + name = name.replace('/', '!') + including_virtual = True + if including_virtual: + path = "/sys/block/%s" % name + else: + path = "/sys/block/%s/device" % name + return os.access(path, os.F_OK) + + +@memoize +def set_scputimes_ntuple(procfs_path): + """Set a namedtuple of variable fields depending on the CPU times + available on this Linux kernel version which may be: + (user, nice, system, idle, iowait, irq, softirq, [steal, [guest, + [guest_nice]]]) + Used by cpu_times() function. + """ + global scputimes + with open_binary('%s/stat' % procfs_path) as f: + values = f.readline().split()[1:] + fields = ['user', 'nice', 'system', 'idle', 'iowait', 'irq', 'softirq'] + vlen = len(values) + if vlen >= 8: + # Linux >= 2.6.11 + fields.append('steal') + if vlen >= 9: + # Linux >= 2.6.24 + fields.append('guest') + if vlen >= 10: + # Linux >= 3.2.0 + fields.append('guest_nice') + scputimes = namedtuple('scputimes', fields) + + +def cat(fname, fallback=_DEFAULT, binary=True): + """Return file content. + fallback: the value returned in case the file does not exist or + cannot be read + binary: whether to open the file in binary or text mode. + """ + try: + with open_binary(fname) if binary else open_text(fname) as f: + return f.read().strip() + except (IOError, OSError): + if fallback is not _DEFAULT: + return fallback + else: + raise + + +try: + set_scputimes_ntuple("/proc") +except Exception: # pragma: no cover + # Don't want to crash at import time. + traceback.print_exc() + scputimes = namedtuple('scputimes', 'user system idle')(0.0, 0.0, 0.0) + + +# ===================================================================== +# --- prlimit +# ===================================================================== + +# Backport of resource.prlimit() for Python 2. Originally this was done +# in C, but CentOS-6 which we use to create manylinux wheels is too old +# and does not support prlimit() syscall. As such the resulting wheel +# would not include prlimit(), even when installed on newer systems. +# This is the only part of psutil using ctypes. + +prlimit = None +try: + from resource import prlimit # python >= 3.4 +except ImportError: + import ctypes + + libc = ctypes.CDLL(None, use_errno=True) + + if hasattr(libc, "prlimit"): + + def prlimit(pid, resource_, limits=None): + class StructRlimit(ctypes.Structure): + _fields_ = [('rlim_cur', ctypes.c_longlong), + ('rlim_max', ctypes.c_longlong)] + + current = StructRlimit() + if limits is None: + # get + ret = libc.prlimit(pid, resource_, None, ctypes.byref(current)) + else: + # set + new = StructRlimit() + new.rlim_cur = limits[0] + new.rlim_max = limits[1] + ret = libc.prlimit( + pid, resource_, ctypes.byref(new), ctypes.byref(current)) + + if ret != 0: + errno = ctypes.get_errno() + raise OSError(errno, os.strerror(errno)) + return (current.rlim_cur, current.rlim_max) + + +if prlimit is not None: + __extra__all__.extend( + [x for x in dir(cext) if x.startswith('RLIM') and x.isupper()]) + + +# ===================================================================== +# --- system memory +# ===================================================================== + + +def calculate_avail_vmem(mems): + """Fallback for kernels < 3.14 where /proc/meminfo does not provide + "MemAvailable:" column, see: + https://blog.famzah.net/2014/09/24/ + This code reimplements the algorithm outlined here: + https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/ + commit/?id=34e431b0ae398fc54ea69ff85ec700722c9da773 + + XXX: on recent kernels this calculation differs by ~1.5% than + "MemAvailable:" as it's calculated slightly differently, see: + https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/issues/42 + https://github.com/famzah/linux-memavailable-procfs/issues/2 + It is still way more realistic than doing (free + cached) though. + """ + # Fallback for very old distros. According to + # https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/ + # commit/?id=34e431b0ae398fc54ea69ff85ec700722c9da773 + # ...long ago "avail" was calculated as (free + cached). + # We might fallback in such cases: + # "Active(file)" not available: 2.6.28 / Dec 2008 + # "Inactive(file)" not available: 2.6.28 / Dec 2008 + # "SReclaimable:" not available: 2.6.19 / Nov 2006 + # /proc/zoneinfo not available: 2.6.13 / Aug 2005 + free = mems[b'MemFree:'] + fallback = free + mems.get(b"Cached:", 0) + try: + lru_active_file = mems[b'Active(file):'] + lru_inactive_file = mems[b'Inactive(file):'] + slab_reclaimable = mems[b'SReclaimable:'] + except KeyError: + return fallback + try: + f = open_binary('%s/zoneinfo' % get_procfs_path()) + except IOError: + return fallback # kernel 2.6.13 + + watermark_low = 0 + with f: + for line in f: + line = line.strip() + if line.startswith(b'low'): + watermark_low += int(line.split()[1]) + watermark_low *= PAGESIZE + + avail = free - watermark_low + pagecache = lru_active_file + lru_inactive_file + pagecache -= min(pagecache / 2, watermark_low) + avail += pagecache + avail += slab_reclaimable - min(slab_reclaimable / 2.0, watermark_low) + return int(avail) + + +def virtual_memory(): + """Report virtual memory stats. + This implementation matches "free" and "vmstat -s" cmdline + utility values and procps-ng-3.3.12 source was used as a reference + (2016-09-18): + https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/blob/ + 24fd2605c51fccc375ab0287cec33aa767f06718/proc/sysinfo.c + For reference, procps-ng-3.3.10 is the version available on Ubuntu + 16.04. + + Note about "available" memory: up until psutil 4.3 it was + calculated as "avail = (free + buffers + cached)". Now + "MemAvailable:" column (kernel 3.14) from /proc/meminfo is used as + it's more accurate. + That matches "available" column in newer versions of "free". + """ + missing_fields = [] + mems = {} + with open_binary('%s/meminfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f: + for line in f: + fields = line.split() + mems[fields[0]] = int(fields[1]) * 1024 + + # /proc doc states that the available fields in /proc/meminfo vary + # by architecture and compile options, but these 3 values are also + # returned by sysinfo(2); as such we assume they are always there. + total = mems[b'MemTotal:'] + free = mems[b'MemFree:'] + try: + buffers = mems[b'Buffers:'] + except KeyError: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1010 + buffers = 0 + missing_fields.append('buffers') + try: + cached = mems[b"Cached:"] + except KeyError: + cached = 0 + missing_fields.append('cached') + else: + # "free" cmdline utility sums reclaimable to cached. + # Older versions of procps used to add slab memory instead. + # This got changed in: + # https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/commit/ + # 05d751c4f076a2f0118b914c5e51cfbb4762ad8e + cached += mems.get(b"SReclaimable:", 0) # since kernel 2.6.19 + + try: + shared = mems[b'Shmem:'] # since kernel 2.6.32 + except KeyError: + try: + shared = mems[b'MemShared:'] # kernels 2.4 + except KeyError: + shared = 0 + missing_fields.append('shared') + + try: + active = mems[b"Active:"] + except KeyError: + active = 0 + missing_fields.append('active') + + try: + inactive = mems[b"Inactive:"] + except KeyError: + try: + inactive = \ + mems[b"Inact_dirty:"] + \ + mems[b"Inact_clean:"] + \ + mems[b"Inact_laundry:"] + except KeyError: + inactive = 0 + missing_fields.append('inactive') + + try: + slab = mems[b"Slab:"] + except KeyError: + slab = 0 + + used = total - free - cached - buffers + if used < 0: + # May be symptomatic of running within a LCX container where such + # values will be dramatically distorted over those of the host. + used = total - free + + # - starting from 4.4.0 we match free's "available" column. + # Before 4.4.0 we calculated it as (free + buffers + cached) + # which matched htop. + # - free and htop available memory differs as per: + # http://askubuntu.com/a/369589 + # http://unix.stackexchange.com/a/65852/168884 + # - MemAvailable has been introduced in kernel 3.14 + try: + avail = mems[b'MemAvailable:'] + except KeyError: + avail = calculate_avail_vmem(mems) + + if avail < 0: + avail = 0 + missing_fields.append('available') + + # If avail is greater than total or our calculation overflows, + # that's symptomatic of running within a LCX container where such + # values will be dramatically distorted over those of the host. + # https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/blob/ + # 24fd2605c51fccc375ab0287cec33aa767f06718/proc/sysinfo.c#L764 + if avail > total: + avail = free + + percent = usage_percent((total - avail), total, round_=1) + + # Warn about missing metrics which are set to 0. + if missing_fields: + msg = "%s memory stats couldn't be determined and %s set to 0" % ( + ", ".join(missing_fields), + "was" if len(missing_fields) == 1 else "were") + warnings.warn(msg, RuntimeWarning) + + return svmem(total, avail, percent, used, free, + active, inactive, buffers, cached, shared, slab) + + +def swap_memory(): + """Return swap memory metrics.""" + mems = {} + with open_binary('%s/meminfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f: + for line in f: + fields = line.split() + mems[fields[0]] = int(fields[1]) * 1024 + # We prefer /proc/meminfo over sysinfo() syscall so that + # psutil.PROCFS_PATH can be used in order to allow retrieval + # for linux containers, see: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1015 + try: + total = mems[b'SwapTotal:'] + free = mems[b'SwapFree:'] + except KeyError: + _, _, _, _, total, free, unit_multiplier = cext.linux_sysinfo() + total *= unit_multiplier + free *= unit_multiplier + + used = total - free + percent = usage_percent(used, total, round_=1) + # get pgin/pgouts + try: + f = open_binary("%s/vmstat" % get_procfs_path()) + except IOError as err: + # see https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/722 + msg = "'sin' and 'sout' swap memory stats couldn't " \ + "be determined and were set to 0 (%s)" % str(err) + warnings.warn(msg, RuntimeWarning) + sin = sout = 0 + else: + with f: + sin = sout = None + for line in f: + # values are expressed in 4 kilo bytes, we want + # bytes instead + if line.startswith(b'pswpin'): + sin = int(line.split(b' ')[1]) * 4 * 1024 + elif line.startswith(b'pswpout'): + sout = int(line.split(b' ')[1]) * 4 * 1024 + if sin is not None and sout is not None: + break + else: + # we might get here when dealing with exotic Linux + # flavors, see: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/313 + msg = "'sin' and 'sout' swap memory stats couldn't " \ + "be determined and were set to 0" + warnings.warn(msg, RuntimeWarning) + sin = sout = 0 + return _common.sswap(total, used, free, percent, sin, sout) + + +# ===================================================================== +# --- CPU +# ===================================================================== + + +def cpu_times(): + """Return a named tuple representing the following system-wide + CPU times: + (user, nice, system, idle, iowait, irq, softirq [steal, [guest, + [guest_nice]]]) + Last 3 fields may not be available on all Linux kernel versions. + """ + procfs_path = get_procfs_path() + set_scputimes_ntuple(procfs_path) + with open_binary('%s/stat' % procfs_path) as f: + values = f.readline().split() + fields = values[1:len(scputimes._fields) + 1] + fields = [float(x) / CLOCK_TICKS for x in fields] + return scputimes(*fields) + + +def per_cpu_times(): + """Return a list of namedtuple representing the CPU times + for every CPU available on the system. + """ + procfs_path = get_procfs_path() + set_scputimes_ntuple(procfs_path) + cpus = [] + with open_binary('%s/stat' % procfs_path) as f: + # get rid of the first line which refers to system wide CPU stats + f.readline() + for line in f: + if line.startswith(b'cpu'): + values = line.split() + fields = values[1:len(scputimes._fields) + 1] + fields = [float(x) / CLOCK_TICKS for x in fields] + entry = scputimes(*fields) + cpus.append(entry) + return cpus + + +def cpu_count_logical(): + """Return the number of logical CPUs in the system.""" + try: + return os.sysconf("SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN") + except ValueError: + # as a second fallback we try to parse /proc/cpuinfo + num = 0 + with open_binary('%s/cpuinfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f: + for line in f: + if line.lower().startswith(b'processor'): + num += 1 + + # unknown format (e.g. amrel/sparc architectures), see: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/200 + # try to parse /proc/stat as a last resort + if num == 0: + search = re.compile(r'cpu\d') + with open_text('%s/stat' % get_procfs_path()) as f: + for line in f: + line = line.split(' ')[0] + if search.match(line): + num += 1 + + if num == 0: + # mimic os.cpu_count() + return None + return num + + +def cpu_count_physical(): + """Return the number of physical cores in the system.""" + # Method #1 + ls = set() + # These 2 files are the same but */core_cpus_list is newer while + # */thread_siblings_list is deprecated and may disappear in the future. + # https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/admin-guide/cputopology.rst + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/1727#issuecomment-707624964 + # https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/2/26/41 + p1 = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*/topology/core_cpus_list" + p2 = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*/topology/thread_siblings_list" + for path in glob.glob(p1) or glob.glob(p2): + with open_binary(path) as f: + ls.add(f.read().strip()) + result = len(ls) + if result != 0: + return result + + # Method #2 + mapping = {} + current_info = {} + with open_binary('%s/cpuinfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f: + for line in f: + line = line.strip().lower() + if not line: + # new section + try: + mapping[current_info[b'physical id']] = \ + current_info[b'cpu cores'] + except KeyError: + pass + current_info = {} + else: + # ongoing section + if line.startswith((b'physical id', b'cpu cores')): + key, value = line.split(b'\t:', 1) + current_info[key] = int(value) + + result = sum(mapping.values()) + return result or None # mimic os.cpu_count() + + +def cpu_stats(): + """Return various CPU stats as a named tuple.""" + with open_binary('%s/stat' % get_procfs_path()) as f: + ctx_switches = None + interrupts = None + soft_interrupts = None + for line in f: + if line.startswith(b'ctxt'): + ctx_switches = int(line.split()[1]) + elif line.startswith(b'intr'): + interrupts = int(line.split()[1]) + elif line.startswith(b'softirq'): + soft_interrupts = int(line.split()[1]) + if ctx_switches is not None and soft_interrupts is not None \ + and interrupts is not None: + break + syscalls = 0 + return _common.scpustats( + ctx_switches, interrupts, soft_interrupts, syscalls) + + +if os.path.exists("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/policy0") or \ + os.path.exists("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq"): + def cpu_freq(): + """Return frequency metrics for all CPUs. + Contrarily to other OSes, Linux updates these values in + real-time. + """ + def get_path(num): + for p in ("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/policy%s" % num, + "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%s/cpufreq" % num): + if os.path.exists(p): + return p + + ret = [] + for n in range(cpu_count_logical()): + path = get_path(n) + if not path: + continue + + pjoin = os.path.join + curr = cat(pjoin(path, "scaling_cur_freq"), fallback=None) + if curr is None: + # Likely an old RedHat, see: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1071 + curr = cat(pjoin(path, "cpuinfo_cur_freq"), fallback=None) + if curr is None: + raise NotImplementedError( + "can't find current frequency file") + curr = int(curr) / 1000 + max_ = int(cat(pjoin(path, "scaling_max_freq"))) / 1000 + min_ = int(cat(pjoin(path, "scaling_min_freq"))) / 1000 + ret.append(_common.scpufreq(curr, min_, max_)) + return ret + +elif os.path.exists("/proc/cpuinfo"): + def cpu_freq(): + """Alternate implementation using /proc/cpuinfo. + min and max frequencies are not available and are set to None. + """ + ret = [] + with open_binary('%s/cpuinfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f: + for line in f: + if line.lower().startswith(b'cpu mhz'): + key, value = line.split(b':', 1) + ret.append(_common.scpufreq(float(value), 0., 0.)) + return ret + +else: + def cpu_freq(): + """Dummy implementation when none of the above files are present. + """ + return [] + + +# ===================================================================== +# --- network +# ===================================================================== + + +net_if_addrs = cext_posix.net_if_addrs + + +class _Ipv6UnsupportedError(Exception): + pass + + +class Connections: + """A wrapper on top of /proc/net/* files, retrieving per-process + and system-wide open connections (TCP, UDP, UNIX) similarly to + "netstat -an". + + Note: in case of UNIX sockets we're only able to determine the + local endpoint/path, not the one it's connected to. + According to [1] it would be possible but not easily. + + [1] http://serverfault.com/a/417946 + """ + + def __init__(self): + # The string represents the basename of the corresponding + # /proc/net/{proto_name} file. + tcp4 = ("tcp", socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) + tcp6 = ("tcp6", socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_STREAM) + udp4 = ("udp", socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) + udp6 = ("udp6", socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) + unix = ("unix", socket.AF_UNIX, None) + self.tmap = { + "all": (tcp4, tcp6, udp4, udp6, unix), + "tcp": (tcp4, tcp6), + "tcp4": (tcp4,), + "tcp6": (tcp6,), + "udp": (udp4, udp6), + "udp4": (udp4,), + "udp6": (udp6,), + "unix": (unix,), + "inet": (tcp4, tcp6, udp4, udp6), + "inet4": (tcp4, udp4), + "inet6": (tcp6, udp6), + } + self._procfs_path = None + + def get_proc_inodes(self, pid): + inodes = defaultdict(list) + for fd in os.listdir("%s/%s/fd" % (self._procfs_path, pid)): + try: + inode = readlink("%s/%s/fd/%s" % (self._procfs_path, pid, fd)) + except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError): + # ENOENT == file which is gone in the meantime; + # os.stat('/proc/%s' % self.pid) will be done later + # to force NSP (if it's the case) + continue + except OSError as err: + if err.errno == errno.EINVAL: + # not a link + continue + raise + else: + if inode.startswith('socket:['): + # the process is using a socket + inode = inode[8:][:-1] + inodes[inode].append((pid, int(fd))) + return inodes + + def get_all_inodes(self): + inodes = {} + for pid in pids(): + try: + inodes.update(self.get_proc_inodes(pid)) + except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError, PermissionError): + # os.listdir() is gonna raise a lot of access denied + # exceptions in case of unprivileged user; that's fine + # as we'll just end up returning a connection with PID + # and fd set to None anyway. + # Both netstat -an and lsof does the same so it's + # unlikely we can do any better. + # ENOENT just means a PID disappeared on us. + continue + return inodes + + @staticmethod + def decode_address(addr, family): + """Accept an "ip:port" address as displayed in /proc/net/* + and convert it into a human readable form, like: + + "0500000A:0016" -> ("10.0.0.5", 22) + "0000000000000000FFFF00000100007F:9E49" -> ("::ffff:127.0.0.1", 40521) + + The IP address portion is a little or big endian four-byte + hexadecimal number; that is, the least significant byte is listed + first, so we need to reverse the order of the bytes to convert it + to an IP address. + The port is represented as a two-byte hexadecimal number. + + Reference: + http://linuxdevcenter.com/pub/a/linux/2000/11/16/LinuxAdmin.html + """ + ip, port = addr.split(':') + port = int(port, 16) + # this usually refers to a local socket in listen mode with + # no end-points connected + if not port: + return () + if PY3: + ip = ip.encode('ascii') + if family == socket.AF_INET: + # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/201 + if LITTLE_ENDIAN: + ip = socket.inet_ntop(family, base64.b16decode(ip)[::-1]) + else: + ip = socket.inet_ntop(family, base64.b16decode(ip)) + else: # IPv6 + ip = base64.b16decode(ip) + try: + # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/201 + if LITTLE_ENDIAN: + ip = socket.inet_ntop( + socket.AF_INET6, + struct.pack('>4I', *struct.unpack('<4I', ip))) + else: + ip = socket.inet_ntop( + socket.AF_INET6, + struct.pack('<4I', *struct.unpack('<4I', ip))) + except ValueError: + # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/623 + if not supports_ipv6(): + raise _Ipv6UnsupportedError + else: + raise + return _common.addr(ip, port) + + @staticmethod + def process_inet(file, family, type_, inodes, filter_pid=None): + """Parse /proc/net/tcp* and /proc/net/udp* files.""" + if file.endswith('6') and not os.path.exists(file): + # IPv6 not supported + return + with open_text(file, buffering=BIGFILE_BUFFERING) as f: + f.readline() # skip the first line + for lineno, line in enumerate(f, 1): + try: + _, laddr, raddr, status, _, _, _, _, _, inode = \ + line.split()[:10] + except ValueError: + raise RuntimeError( + "error while parsing %s; malformed line %s %r" % ( + file, lineno, line)) + if inode in inodes: + # # We assume inet sockets are unique, so we error + # # out if there are multiple references to the + # # same inode. We won't do this for UNIX sockets. + # if len(inodes[inode]) > 1 and family != socket.AF_UNIX: + # raise ValueError("ambiguos inode with multiple " + # "PIDs references") + pid, fd = inodes[inode][0] + else: + pid, fd = None, -1 + if filter_pid is not None and filter_pid != pid: + continue + else: + if type_ == socket.SOCK_STREAM: + status = TCP_STATUSES[status] + else: + status = _common.CONN_NONE + try: + laddr = Connections.decode_address(laddr, family) + raddr = Connections.decode_address(raddr, family) + except _Ipv6UnsupportedError: + continue + yield (fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, status, pid) + + @staticmethod + def process_unix(file, family, inodes, filter_pid=None): + """Parse /proc/net/unix files.""" + with open_text(file, buffering=BIGFILE_BUFFERING) as f: + f.readline() # skip the first line + for line in f: + tokens = line.split() + try: + _, _, _, _, type_, _, inode = tokens[0:7] + except ValueError: + if ' ' not in line: + # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/766 + continue + raise RuntimeError( + "error while parsing %s; malformed line %r" % ( + file, line)) + if inode in inodes: + # With UNIX sockets we can have a single inode + # referencing many file descriptors. + pairs = inodes[inode] + else: + pairs = [(None, -1)] + for pid, fd in pairs: + if filter_pid is not None and filter_pid != pid: + continue + else: + if len(tokens) == 8: + path = tokens[-1] + else: + path = "" + type_ = _common.socktype_to_enum(int(type_)) + # XXX: determining the remote endpoint of a + # UNIX socket on Linux is not possible, see: + # https://serverfault.com/questions/252723/ + raddr = "" + status = _common.CONN_NONE + yield (fd, family, type_, path, raddr, status, pid) + + def retrieve(self, kind, pid=None): + if kind not in self.tmap: + raise ValueError("invalid %r kind argument; choose between %s" + % (kind, ', '.join([repr(x) for x in self.tmap]))) + self._procfs_path = get_procfs_path() + if pid is not None: + inodes = self.get_proc_inodes(pid) + if not inodes: + # no connections for this process + return [] + else: + inodes = self.get_all_inodes() + ret = set() + for proto_name, family, type_ in self.tmap[kind]: + path = "%s/net/%s" % (self._procfs_path, proto_name) + if family in (socket.AF_INET, socket.AF_INET6): + ls = self.process_inet( + path, family, type_, inodes, filter_pid=pid) + else: + ls = self.process_unix( + path, family, inodes, filter_pid=pid) + for fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, status, bound_pid in ls: + if pid: + conn = _common.pconn(fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, + status) + else: + conn = _common.sconn(fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, + status, bound_pid) + ret.add(conn) + return list(ret) + + +_connections = Connections() + + +def net_connections(kind='inet'): + """Return system-wide open connections.""" + return _connections.retrieve(kind) + + +def net_io_counters(): + """Return network I/O statistics for every network interface + installed on the system as a dict of raw tuples. + """ + with open_text("%s/net/dev" % get_procfs_path()) as f: + lines = f.readlines() + retdict = {} + for line in lines[2:]: + colon = line.rfind(':') + assert colon > 0, repr(line) + name = line[:colon].strip() + fields = line[colon + 1:].strip().split() + + # in + (bytes_recv, + packets_recv, + errin, + dropin, + fifoin, # unused + framein, # unused + compressedin, # unused + multicastin, # unused + # out + bytes_sent, + packets_sent, + errout, + dropout, + fifoout, # unused + collisionsout, # unused + carrierout, # unused + compressedout) = map(int, fields) + + retdict[name] = (bytes_sent, bytes_recv, packets_sent, packets_recv, + errin, errout, dropin, dropout) + return retdict + + +def net_if_stats(): + """Get NIC stats (isup, duplex, speed, mtu).""" + duplex_map = {cext.DUPLEX_FULL: NIC_DUPLEX_FULL, + cext.DUPLEX_HALF: NIC_DUPLEX_HALF, + cext.DUPLEX_UNKNOWN: NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN} + names = net_io_counters().keys() + ret = {} + for name in names: + try: + mtu = cext_posix.net_if_mtu(name) + isup = cext_posix.net_if_is_running(name) + duplex, speed = cext.net_if_duplex_speed(name) + except OSError as err: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1279 + if err.errno != errno.ENODEV: + raise + else: + ret[name] = _common.snicstats(isup, duplex_map[duplex], speed, mtu) + return ret + + +# ===================================================================== +# --- disks +# ===================================================================== + + +disk_usage = _psposix.disk_usage + + +def disk_io_counters(perdisk=False): + """Return disk I/O statistics for every disk installed on the + system as a dict of raw tuples. + """ + def read_procfs(): + # OK, this is a bit confusing. The format of /proc/diskstats can + # have 3 variations. + # On Linux 2.4 each line has always 15 fields, e.g.: + # "3 0 8 hda 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8" + # On Linux 2.6+ each line *usually* has 14 fields, and the disk + # name is in another position, like this: + # "3 0 hda 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8" + # ...unless (Linux 2.6) the line refers to a partition instead + # of a disk, in which case the line has less fields (7): + # "3 1 hda1 8 8 8 8" + # 4.18+ has 4 fields added: + # "3 0 hda 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 0 0 0 0" + # 5.5 has 2 more fields. + # See: + # https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/iostats.txt + # https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/ABI/testing/procfs-diskstats + with open_text("%s/diskstats" % get_procfs_path()) as f: + lines = f.readlines() + for line in lines: + fields = line.split() + flen = len(fields) + if flen == 15: + # Linux 2.4 + name = fields[3] + reads = int(fields[2]) + (reads_merged, rbytes, rtime, writes, writes_merged, + wbytes, wtime, _, busy_time, _) = map(int, fields[4:14]) + elif flen == 14 or flen >= 18: + # Linux 2.6+, line referring to a disk + name = fields[2] + (reads, reads_merged, rbytes, rtime, writes, writes_merged, + wbytes, wtime, _, busy_time, _) = map(int, fields[3:14]) + elif flen == 7: + # Linux 2.6+, line referring to a partition + name = fields[2] + reads, rbytes, writes, wbytes = map(int, fields[3:]) + rtime = wtime = reads_merged = writes_merged = busy_time = 0 + else: + raise ValueError("not sure how to interpret line %r" % line) + yield (name, reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime, wtime, + reads_merged, writes_merged, busy_time) + + def read_sysfs(): + for block in os.listdir('/sys/block'): + for root, _, files in os.walk(os.path.join('/sys/block', block)): + if 'stat' not in files: + continue + with open_text(os.path.join(root, 'stat')) as f: + fields = f.read().strip().split() + name = os.path.basename(root) + (reads, reads_merged, rbytes, rtime, writes, writes_merged, + wbytes, wtime, _, busy_time) = map(int, fields[:10]) + yield (name, reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime, + wtime, reads_merged, writes_merged, busy_time) + + if os.path.exists('%s/diskstats' % get_procfs_path()): + gen = read_procfs() + elif os.path.exists('/sys/block'): + gen = read_sysfs() + else: + raise NotImplementedError( + "%s/diskstats nor /sys/block filesystem are available on this " + "system" % get_procfs_path()) + + retdict = {} + for entry in gen: + (name, reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime, wtime, reads_merged, + writes_merged, busy_time) = entry + if not perdisk and not is_storage_device(name): + # perdisk=False means we want to calculate totals so we skip + # partitions (e.g. 'sda1', 'nvme0n1p1') and only include + # base disk devices (e.g. 'sda', 'nvme0n1'). Base disks + # include a total of all their partitions + some extra size + # of their own: + # $ cat /proc/diskstats + # 259 0 sda 10485760 ... + # 259 1 sda1 5186039 ... + # 259 1 sda2 5082039 ... + # See: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/1313 + continue + + rbytes *= DISK_SECTOR_SIZE + wbytes *= DISK_SECTOR_SIZE + retdict[name] = (reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime, wtime, + reads_merged, writes_merged, busy_time) + + return retdict + + +def disk_partitions(all=False): + """Return mounted disk partitions as a list of namedtuples.""" + fstypes = set() + procfs_path = get_procfs_path() + with open_text("%s/filesystems" % procfs_path) as f: + for line in f: + line = line.strip() + if not line.startswith("nodev"): + fstypes.add(line.strip()) + else: + # ignore all lines starting with "nodev" except "nodev zfs" + fstype = line.split("\t")[1] + if fstype == "zfs": + fstypes.add("zfs") + + # See: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1307 + if procfs_path == "/proc" and os.path.isfile('/etc/mtab'): + mounts_path = os.path.realpath("/etc/mtab") + else: + mounts_path = os.path.realpath("%s/self/mounts" % procfs_path) + + retlist = [] + partitions = cext.disk_partitions(mounts_path) + for partition in partitions: + device, mountpoint, fstype, opts = partition + if device == 'none': + device = '' + if not all: + if device == '' or fstype not in fstypes: + continue + maxfile = maxpath = None # set later + ntuple = _common.sdiskpart(device, mountpoint, fstype, opts, + maxfile, maxpath) + retlist.append(ntuple) + + return retlist + + +# ===================================================================== +# --- sensors +# ===================================================================== + + +def sensors_temperatures(): + """Return hardware (CPU and others) temperatures as a dict + including hardware name, label, current, max and critical + temperatures. + + Implementation notes: + - /sys/class/hwmon looks like the most recent interface to + retrieve this info, and this implementation relies on it + only (old distros will probably use something else) + - lm-sensors on Ubuntu 16.04 relies on /sys/class/hwmon + - /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone* is another one but it's more + difficult to parse + """ + ret = collections.defaultdict(list) + basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/temp*_*') + # CentOS has an intermediate /device directory: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/971 + # https://github.com/nicolargo/glances/issues/1060 + basenames.extend(glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/device/temp*_*')) + basenames = sorted(set([x.split('_')[0] for x in basenames])) + + # Only add the coretemp hwmon entries if they're not already in + # /sys/class/hwmon/ + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1708 + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/1648 + basenames2 = glob.glob( + '/sys/devices/platform/coretemp.*/hwmon/hwmon*/temp*_*') + repl = re.compile('/sys/devices/platform/coretemp.*/hwmon/') + for name in basenames2: + altname = repl.sub('/sys/class/hwmon/', name) + if altname not in basenames: + basenames.append(name) + + for base in basenames: + try: + path = base + '_input' + current = float(cat(path)) / 1000.0 + path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(base), 'name') + unit_name = cat(path, binary=False) + except (IOError, OSError, ValueError): + # A lot of things can go wrong here, so let's just skip the + # whole entry. Sure thing is Linux's /sys/class/hwmon really + # is a stinky broken mess. + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1009 + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1101 + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1129 + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1245 + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1323 + continue + + high = cat(base + '_max', fallback=None) + critical = cat(base + '_crit', fallback=None) + label = cat(base + '_label', fallback='', binary=False) + + if high is not None: + try: + high = float(high) / 1000.0 + except ValueError: + high = None + if critical is not None: + try: + critical = float(critical) / 1000.0 + except ValueError: + critical = None + + ret[unit_name].append((label, current, high, critical)) + + # Indication that no sensors were detected in /sys/class/hwmon/ + if not basenames: + basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone*') + basenames = sorted(set(basenames)) + + for base in basenames: + try: + path = os.path.join(base, 'temp') + current = float(cat(path)) / 1000.0 + path = os.path.join(base, 'type') + unit_name = cat(path, binary=False) + except (IOError, OSError, ValueError) as err: + debug("ignoring %r for file %r" % (err, path)) + continue + + trip_paths = glob.glob(base + '/trip_point*') + trip_points = set(['_'.join( + os.path.basename(p).split('_')[0:3]) for p in trip_paths]) + critical = None + high = None + for trip_point in trip_points: + path = os.path.join(base, trip_point + "_type") + trip_type = cat(path, fallback='', binary=False) + if trip_type == 'critical': + critical = cat(os.path.join(base, trip_point + "_temp"), + fallback=None) + elif trip_type == 'high': + high = cat(os.path.join(base, trip_point + "_temp"), + fallback=None) + + if high is not None: + try: + high = float(high) / 1000.0 + except ValueError: + high = None + if critical is not None: + try: + critical = float(critical) / 1000.0 + except ValueError: + critical = None + + ret[unit_name].append(('', current, high, critical)) + + return dict(ret) + + +def sensors_fans(): + """Return hardware fans info (for CPU and other peripherals) as a + dict including hardware label and current speed. + + Implementation notes: + - /sys/class/hwmon looks like the most recent interface to + retrieve this info, and this implementation relies on it + only (old distros will probably use something else) + - lm-sensors on Ubuntu 16.04 relies on /sys/class/hwmon + """ + ret = collections.defaultdict(list) + basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/fan*_*') + if not basenames: + # CentOS has an intermediate /device directory: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/971 + basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/device/fan*_*') + + basenames = sorted(set([x.split('_')[0] for x in basenames])) + for base in basenames: + try: + current = int(cat(base + '_input')) + except (IOError, OSError) as err: + warnings.warn("ignoring %r" % err, RuntimeWarning) + continue + unit_name = cat(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(base), 'name'), + binary=False) + label = cat(base + '_label', fallback='', binary=False) + ret[unit_name].append(_common.sfan(label, current)) + + return dict(ret) + + +def sensors_battery(): + """Return battery information. + Implementation note: it appears /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/ + directory structure may vary and provide files with the same + meaning but under different names, see: + https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/966 + """ + null = object() + + def multi_cat(*paths): + """Attempt to read the content of multiple files which may + not exist. If none of them exist return None. + """ + for path in paths: + ret = cat(path, fallback=null) + if ret != null: + return int(ret) if ret.isdigit() else ret + return None + + bats = [x for x in os.listdir(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH) if x.startswith('BAT') or + 'battery' in x.lower()] + if not bats: + return None + # Get the first available battery. Usually this is "BAT0", except + # some rare exceptions: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1238 + root = os.path.join(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH, sorted(bats)[0]) + + # Base metrics. + energy_now = multi_cat( + root + "/energy_now", + root + "/charge_now") + power_now = multi_cat( + root + "/power_now", + root + "/current_now") + energy_full = multi_cat( + root + "/energy_full", + root + "/charge_full") + time_to_empty = multi_cat(root + "/time_to_empty_now") + + # Percent. If we have energy_full the percentage will be more + # accurate compared to reading /capacity file (float vs. int). + if energy_full is not None and energy_now is not None: + try: + percent = 100.0 * energy_now / energy_full + except ZeroDivisionError: + percent = 0.0 + else: + percent = int(cat(root + "/capacity", fallback=-1)) + if percent == -1: + return None + + # Is AC power cable plugged in? + # Note: AC0 is not always available and sometimes (e.g. CentOS7) + # it's called "AC". + power_plugged = None + online = multi_cat( + os.path.join(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH, "AC0/online"), + os.path.join(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH, "AC/online")) + if online is not None: + power_plugged = online == 1 + else: + status = cat(root + "/status", fallback="", binary=False).lower() + if status == "discharging": + power_plugged = False + elif status in ("charging", "full"): + power_plugged = True + + # Seconds left. + # Note to self: we may also calculate the charging ETA as per: + # https://github.com/thialfihar/dotfiles/blob/ + # 013937745fd9050c30146290e8f963d65c0179e6/bin/battery.py#L55 + if power_plugged: + secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED + elif energy_now is not None and power_now is not None: + try: + secsleft = int(energy_now / power_now * 3600) + except ZeroDivisionError: + secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN + elif time_to_empty is not None: + secsleft = int(time_to_empty * 60) + if secsleft < 0: + secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN + else: + secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN + + return _common.sbattery(percent, secsleft, power_plugged) + + +# ===================================================================== +# --- other system functions +# ===================================================================== + + +def users(): + """Return currently connected users as a list of namedtuples.""" + retlist = [] + rawlist = cext.users() + for item in rawlist: + user, tty, hostname, tstamp, user_process, pid = item + # note: the underlying C function includes entries about + # system boot, run level and others. We might want + # to use them in the future. + if not user_process: + continue + if hostname in (':0.0', ':0'): + hostname = 'localhost' + nt = _common.suser(user, tty or None, hostname, tstamp, pid) + retlist.append(nt) + return retlist + + +def boot_time(): + """Return the system boot time expressed in seconds since the epoch.""" + global BOOT_TIME + path = '%s/stat' % get_procfs_path() + with open_binary(path) as f: + for line in f: + if line.startswith(b'btime'): + ret = float(line.strip().split()[1]) + BOOT_TIME = ret + return ret + raise RuntimeError( + "line 'btime' not found in %s" % path) + + +# ===================================================================== +# --- processes +# ===================================================================== + + +def pids(): + """Returns a list of PIDs currently running on the system.""" + return [int(x) for x in os.listdir(b(get_procfs_path())) if x.isdigit()] + + +def pid_exists(pid): + """Check for the existence of a unix PID. Linux TIDs are not + supported (always return False). + """ + if not _psposix.pid_exists(pid): + return False + else: + # Linux's apparently does not distinguish between PIDs and TIDs + # (thread IDs). + # listdir("/proc") won't show any TID (only PIDs) but + # os.stat("/proc/{tid}") will succeed if {tid} exists. + # os.kill() can also be passed a TID. This is quite confusing. + # In here we want to enforce this distinction and support PIDs + # only, see: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/687 + try: + # Note: already checked that this is faster than using a + # regular expr. Also (a lot) faster than doing + # 'return pid in pids()' + path = "%s/%s/status" % (get_procfs_path(), pid) + with open_binary(path) as f: + for line in f: + if line.startswith(b"Tgid:"): + tgid = int(line.split()[1]) + # If tgid and pid are the same then we're + # dealing with a process PID. + return tgid == pid + raise ValueError("'Tgid' line not found in %s" % path) + except (EnvironmentError, ValueError): + return pid in pids() + + +def ppid_map(): + """Obtain a {pid: ppid, ...} dict for all running processes in + one shot. Used to speed up Process.children(). + """ + ret = {} + procfs_path = get_procfs_path() + for pid in pids(): + try: + with open_binary("%s/%s/stat" % (procfs_path, pid)) as f: + data = f.read() + except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError): + # Note: we should be able to access /stat for all processes + # aka it's unlikely we'll bump into EPERM, which is good. + pass + else: + rpar = data.rfind(b')') + dset = data[rpar + 2:].split() + ppid = int(dset[1]) + ret[pid] = ppid + return ret + + +def wrap_exceptions(fun): + """Decorator which translates bare OSError and IOError exceptions + into NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied. + """ + @functools.wraps(fun) + def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs): + try: + return fun(self, *args, **kwargs) + except PermissionError: + raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name) + except ProcessLookupError: + raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name) + except FileNotFoundError: + if not os.path.exists("%s/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)): + raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name) + # Note: zombies will keep existing under /proc until they're + # gone so there's no way to distinguish them in here. + raise + return wrapper + + +class Process(object): + """Linux process implementation.""" + + __slots__ = ["pid", "_name", "_ppid", "_procfs_path", "_cache"] + + def __init__(self, pid): + self.pid = pid + self._name = None + self._ppid = None + self._procfs_path = get_procfs_path() + + def _assert_alive(self): + """Raise NSP if the process disappeared on us.""" + # For those C function who do not raise NSP, possibly returning + # incorrect or incomplete result. + os.stat('%s/%s' % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) + + @wrap_exceptions + @memoize_when_activated + def _parse_stat_file(self): + """Parse /proc/{pid}/stat file and return a dict with various + process info. + Using "man proc" as a reference: where "man proc" refers to + position N always substract 3 (e.g ppid position 4 in + 'man proc' == position 1 in here). + The return value is cached in case oneshot() ctx manager is + in use. + """ + with open_binary("%s/%s/stat" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: + data = f.read() + # Process name is between parentheses. It can contain spaces and + # other parentheses. This is taken into account by looking for + # the first occurrence of "(" and the last occurence of ")". + rpar = data.rfind(b')') + name = data[data.find(b'(') + 1:rpar] + fields = data[rpar + 2:].split() + + ret = {} + ret['name'] = name + ret['status'] = fields[0] + ret['ppid'] = fields[1] + ret['ttynr'] = fields[4] + ret['utime'] = fields[11] + ret['stime'] = fields[12] + ret['children_utime'] = fields[13] + ret['children_stime'] = fields[14] + ret['create_time'] = fields[19] + ret['cpu_num'] = fields[36] + ret['blkio_ticks'] = fields[39] # aka 'delayacct_blkio_ticks' + + return ret + + @wrap_exceptions + @memoize_when_activated + def _read_status_file(self): + """Read /proc/{pid}/stat file and return its content. + The return value is cached in case oneshot() ctx manager is + in use. + """ + with open_binary("%s/%s/status" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: + return f.read() + + @wrap_exceptions + @memoize_when_activated + def _read_smaps_file(self): + with open_binary("%s/%s/smaps" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid), + buffering=BIGFILE_BUFFERING) as f: + return f.read().strip() + + def oneshot_enter(self): + self._parse_stat_file.cache_activate(self) + self._read_status_file.cache_activate(self) + self._read_smaps_file.cache_activate(self) + + def oneshot_exit(self): + self._parse_stat_file.cache_deactivate(self) + self._read_status_file.cache_deactivate(self) + self._read_smaps_file.cache_deactivate(self) + + @wrap_exceptions + def name(self): + name = self._parse_stat_file()['name'] + if PY3: + name = decode(name) + # XXX - gets changed later and probably needs refactoring + return name + + def exe(self): + try: + return readlink("%s/%s/exe" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) + except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError): + # no such file error; might be raised also if the + # path actually exists for system processes with + # low pids (about 0-20) + if os.path.lexists("%s/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)): + return "" + else: + if not pid_exists(self.pid): + raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name) + else: + raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid) + except PermissionError: + raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name) + + @wrap_exceptions + def cmdline(self): + with open_text("%s/%s/cmdline" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: + data = f.read() + if not data: + # may happen in case of zombie process + return [] + # 'man proc' states that args are separated by null bytes '\0' + # and last char is supposed to be a null byte. Nevertheless + # some processes may change their cmdline after being started + # (via setproctitle() or similar), they are usually not + # compliant with this rule and use spaces instead. Google + # Chrome process is an example. See: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1179 + sep = '\x00' if data.endswith('\x00') else ' ' + if data.endswith(sep): + data = data[:-1] + cmdline = data.split(sep) + # Sometimes last char is a null byte '\0' but the args are + # separated by spaces, see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/ + # issues/1179#issuecomment-552984549 + if sep == '\x00' and len(cmdline) == 1 and ' ' in data: + cmdline = data.split(' ') + return cmdline + + @wrap_exceptions + def environ(self): + with open_text("%s/%s/environ" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: + data = f.read() + return parse_environ_block(data) + + @wrap_exceptions + def terminal(self): + tty_nr = int(self._parse_stat_file()['ttynr']) + tmap = _psposix.get_terminal_map() + try: + return tmap[tty_nr] + except KeyError: + return None + + # May not be available on old kernels. + if os.path.exists('/proc/%s/io' % os.getpid()): + @wrap_exceptions + def io_counters(self): + fname = "%s/%s/io" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid) + fields = {} + with open_binary(fname) as f: + for line in f: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1004 + line = line.strip() + if line: + try: + name, value = line.split(b': ') + except ValueError: + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1004 + continue + else: + fields[name] = int(value) + if not fields: + raise RuntimeError("%s file was empty" % fname) + try: + return pio( + fields[b'syscr'], # read syscalls + fields[b'syscw'], # write syscalls + fields[b'read_bytes'], # read bytes + fields[b'write_bytes'], # write bytes + fields[b'rchar'], # read chars + fields[b'wchar'], # write chars + ) + except KeyError as err: + raise ValueError("%r field was not found in %s; found fields " + "are %r" % (err[0], fname, fields)) + + @wrap_exceptions + def cpu_times(self): + values = self._parse_stat_file() + utime = float(values['utime']) / CLOCK_TICKS + stime = float(values['stime']) / CLOCK_TICKS + children_utime = float(values['children_utime']) / CLOCK_TICKS + children_stime = float(values['children_stime']) / CLOCK_TICKS + iowait = float(values['blkio_ticks']) / CLOCK_TICKS + return pcputimes(utime, stime, children_utime, children_stime, iowait) + + @wrap_exceptions + def cpu_num(self): + """What CPU the process is on.""" + return int(self._parse_stat_file()['cpu_num']) + + @wrap_exceptions + def wait(self, timeout=None): + return _psposix.wait_pid(self.pid, timeout, self._name) + + @wrap_exceptions + def create_time(self): + ctime = float(self._parse_stat_file()['create_time']) + # According to documentation, starttime is in field 21 and the + # unit is jiffies (clock ticks). + # We first divide it for clock ticks and then add uptime returning + # seconds since the epoch. + # Also use cached value if available. + bt = BOOT_TIME or boot_time() + return (ctime / CLOCK_TICKS) + bt + + @wrap_exceptions + def memory_info(self): + # ============================================================ + # | FIELD | DESCRIPTION | AKA | TOP | + # ============================================================ + # | rss | resident set size | | RES | + # | vms | total program size | size | VIRT | + # | shared | shared pages (from shared mappings) | | SHR | + # | text | text ('code') | trs | CODE | + # | lib | library (unused in Linux 2.6) | lrs | | + # | data | data + stack | drs | DATA | + # | dirty | dirty pages (unused in Linux 2.6) | dt | | + # ============================================================ + with open_binary("%s/%s/statm" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: + vms, rss, shared, text, lib, data, dirty = \ + [int(x) * PAGESIZE for x in f.readline().split()[:7]] + return pmem(rss, vms, shared, text, lib, data, dirty) + + # /proc/pid/smaps does not exist on kernels < 2.6.14 or if + # CONFIG_MMU kernel configuration option is not enabled. + if HAS_SMAPS: + + @wrap_exceptions + def memory_full_info( + self, + # Gets Private_Clean, Private_Dirty, Private_Hugetlb. + _private_re=re.compile(br"\nPrivate.*:\s+(\d+)"), + _pss_re=re.compile(br"\nPss\:\s+(\d+)"), + _swap_re=re.compile(br"\nSwap\:\s+(\d+)")): + basic_mem = self.memory_info() + # Note: using 3 regexes is faster than reading the file + # line by line. + # XXX: on Python 3 the 2 regexes are 30% slower than on + # Python 2 though. Figure out why. + # + # You might be tempted to calculate USS by subtracting + # the "shared" value from the "resident" value in + # /proc/<pid>/statm. But at least on Linux, statm's "shared" + # value actually counts pages backed by files, which has + # little to do with whether the pages are actually shared. + # /proc/self/smaps on the other hand appears to give us the + # correct information. + smaps_data = self._read_smaps_file() + # Note: smaps file can be empty for certain processes. + # The code below will not crash though and will result to 0. + uss = sum(map(int, _private_re.findall(smaps_data))) * 1024 + pss = sum(map(int, _pss_re.findall(smaps_data))) * 1024 + swap = sum(map(int, _swap_re.findall(smaps_data))) * 1024 + return pfullmem(*basic_mem + (uss, pss, swap)) + + else: + memory_full_info = memory_info + + if HAS_SMAPS: + + @wrap_exceptions + def memory_maps(self): + """Return process's mapped memory regions as a list of named + tuples. Fields are explained in 'man proc'; here is an updated + (Apr 2012) version: http://goo.gl/fmebo + + /proc/{PID}/smaps does not exist on kernels < 2.6.14 or if + CONFIG_MMU kernel configuration option is not enabled. + """ + def get_blocks(lines, current_block): + data = {} + for line in lines: + fields = line.split(None, 5) + if not fields[0].endswith(b':'): + # new block section + yield (current_block.pop(), data) + current_block.append(line) + else: + try: + data[fields[0]] = int(fields[1]) * 1024 + except ValueError: + if fields[0].startswith(b'VmFlags:'): + # see issue #369 + continue + else: + raise ValueError("don't know how to inte" + "rpret line %r" % line) + yield (current_block.pop(), data) + + data = self._read_smaps_file() + # Note: smaps file can be empty for certain processes. + if not data: + return [] + lines = data.split(b'\n') + ls = [] + first_line = lines.pop(0) + current_block = [first_line] + for header, data in get_blocks(lines, current_block): + hfields = header.split(None, 5) + try: + addr, perms, offset, dev, inode, path = hfields + except ValueError: + addr, perms, offset, dev, inode, path = \ + hfields + [''] + if not path: + path = '[anon]' + else: + if PY3: + path = decode(path) + path = path.strip() + if (path.endswith(' (deleted)') and not + path_exists_strict(path)): + path = path[:-10] + ls.append(( + decode(addr), decode(perms), path, + data.get(b'Rss:', 0), + data.get(b'Size:', 0), + data.get(b'Pss:', 0), + data.get(b'Shared_Clean:', 0), + data.get(b'Shared_Dirty:', 0), + data.get(b'Private_Clean:', 0), + data.get(b'Private_Dirty:', 0), + data.get(b'Referenced:', 0), + data.get(b'Anonymous:', 0), + data.get(b'Swap:', 0) + )) + return ls + + @wrap_exceptions + def cwd(self): + try: + return readlink("%s/%s/cwd" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) + except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError): + # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/986 + if not pid_exists(self.pid): + raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name) + else: + raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid) + + @wrap_exceptions + def num_ctx_switches(self, + _ctxsw_re=re.compile(br'ctxt_switches:\t(\d+)')): + data = self._read_status_file() + ctxsw = _ctxsw_re.findall(data) + if not ctxsw: + raise NotImplementedError( + "'voluntary_ctxt_switches' and 'nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches'" + "lines were not found in %s/%s/status; the kernel is " + "probably older than 2.6.23" % ( + self._procfs_path, self.pid)) + else: + return _common.pctxsw(int(ctxsw[0]), int(ctxsw[1])) + + @wrap_exceptions + def num_threads(self, _num_threads_re=re.compile(br'Threads:\t(\d+)')): + # Note: on Python 3 using a re is faster than iterating over file + # line by line. On Python 2 is the exact opposite, and iterating + # over a file on Python 3 is slower than on Python 2. + data = self._read_status_file() + return int(_num_threads_re.findall(data)[0]) + + @wrap_exceptions + def threads(self): + thread_ids = os.listdir("%s/%s/task" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) + thread_ids.sort() + retlist = [] + hit_enoent = False + for thread_id in thread_ids: + fname = "%s/%s/task/%s/stat" % ( + self._procfs_path, self.pid, thread_id) + try: + with open_binary(fname) as f: + st = f.read().strip() + except FileNotFoundError: + # no such file or directory; it means thread + # disappeared on us + hit_enoent = True + continue + # ignore the first two values ("pid (exe)") + st = st[st.find(b')') + 2:] + values = st.split(b' ') + utime = float(values[11]) / CLOCK_TICKS + stime = float(values[12]) / CLOCK_TICKS + ntuple = _common.pthread(int(thread_id), utime, stime) + retlist.append(ntuple) + if hit_enoent: + self._assert_alive() + return retlist + + @wrap_exceptions + def nice_get(self): + # with open_text('%s/%s/stat' % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: + # data = f.read() + # return int(data.split()[18]) + + # Use C implementation + return cext_posix.getpriority(self.pid) + + @wrap_exceptions + def nice_set(self, value): + return cext_posix.setpriority(self.pid, value) + + # starting from CentOS 6. + if HAS_CPU_AFFINITY: + + @wrap_exceptions + def cpu_affinity_get(self): + return cext.proc_cpu_affinity_get(self.pid) + + def _get_eligible_cpus( + self, _re=re.compile(br"Cpus_allowed_list:\t(\d+)-(\d+)")): + # See: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/956 + data = self._read_status_file() + match = _re.findall(data) + if match: + return list(range(int(match[0][0]), int(match[0][1]) + 1)) + else: + return list(range(len(per_cpu_times()))) + + @wrap_exceptions + def cpu_affinity_set(self, cpus): + try: + cext.proc_cpu_affinity_set(self.pid, cpus) + except (OSError, ValueError) as err: + if isinstance(err, ValueError) or err.errno == errno.EINVAL: + eligible_cpus = self._get_eligible_cpus() + all_cpus = tuple(range(len(per_cpu_times()))) + for cpu in cpus: + if cpu not in all_cpus: + raise ValueError( + "invalid CPU number %r; choose between %s" % ( + cpu, eligible_cpus)) + if cpu not in eligible_cpus: + raise ValueError( + "CPU number %r is not eligible; choose " + "between %s" % (cpu, eligible_cpus)) + raise + + # only starting from kernel 2.6.13 + if HAS_PROC_IO_PRIORITY: + + @wrap_exceptions + def ionice_get(self): + ioclass, value = cext.proc_ioprio_get(self.pid) + if enum is not None: + ioclass = IOPriority(ioclass) + return _common.pionice(ioclass, value) + + @wrap_exceptions + def ionice_set(self, ioclass, value): + if value is None: + value = 0 + if value and ioclass in (IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE, IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE): + raise ValueError("%r ioclass accepts no value" % ioclass) + if value < 0 or value > 7: + raise ValueError("value not in 0-7 range") + return cext.proc_ioprio_set(self.pid, ioclass, value) + + if prlimit is not None: + + @wrap_exceptions + def rlimit(self, resource_, limits=None): + # If pid is 0 prlimit() applies to the calling process and + # we don't want that. We should never get here though as + # PID 0 is not supported on Linux. + if self.pid == 0: + raise ValueError("can't use prlimit() against PID 0 process") + try: + if limits is None: + # get + return prlimit(self.pid, resource_) + else: + # set + if len(limits) != 2: + raise ValueError( + "second argument must be a (soft, hard) tuple, " + "got %s" % repr(limits)) + prlimit(self.pid, resource_, limits) + except OSError as err: + if err.errno == errno.ENOSYS and pid_exists(self.pid): + # I saw this happening on Travis: + # https://travis-ci.org/giampaolo/psutil/jobs/51368273 + raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid) + else: + raise + + @wrap_exceptions + def status(self): + letter = self._parse_stat_file()['status'] + if PY3: + letter = letter.decode() + # XXX is '?' legit? (we're not supposed to return it anyway) + return PROC_STATUSES.get(letter, '?') + + @wrap_exceptions + def open_files(self): + retlist = [] + files = os.listdir("%s/%s/fd" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) + hit_enoent = False + for fd in files: + file = "%s/%s/fd/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid, fd) + try: + path = readlink(file) + except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError): + # ENOENT == file which is gone in the meantime + hit_enoent = True + continue + except OSError as err: + if err.errno == errno.EINVAL: + # not a link + continue + raise + else: + # If path is not an absolute there's no way to tell + # whether it's a regular file or not, so we skip it. + # A regular file is always supposed to be have an + # absolute path though. + if path.startswith('/') and isfile_strict(path): + # Get file position and flags. + file = "%s/%s/fdinfo/%s" % ( + self._procfs_path, self.pid, fd) + try: + with open_binary(file) as f: + pos = int(f.readline().split()[1]) + flags = int(f.readline().split()[1], 8) + except FileNotFoundError: + # fd gone in the meantime; process may + # still be alive + hit_enoent = True + else: + mode = file_flags_to_mode(flags) + ntuple = popenfile( + path, int(fd), int(pos), mode, flags) + retlist.append(ntuple) + if hit_enoent: + self._assert_alive() + return retlist + + @wrap_exceptions + def connections(self, kind='inet'): + ret = _connections.retrieve(kind, self.pid) + self._assert_alive() + return ret + + @wrap_exceptions + def num_fds(self): + return len(os.listdir("%s/%s/fd" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))) + + @wrap_exceptions + def ppid(self): + return int(self._parse_stat_file()['ppid']) + + @wrap_exceptions + def uids(self, _uids_re=re.compile(br'Uid:\t(\d+)\t(\d+)\t(\d+)')): + data = self._read_status_file() + real, effective, saved = _uids_re.findall(data)[0] + return _common.puids(int(real), int(effective), int(saved)) + + @wrap_exceptions + def gids(self, _gids_re=re.compile(br'Gid:\t(\d+)\t(\d+)\t(\d+)')): + data = self._read_status_file() + real, effective, saved = _gids_re.findall(data)[0] + return _common.pgids(int(real), int(effective), int(saved))