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view env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/psutil/_pslinux.py @ 0:4f3585e2f14b draft default tip
"planemo upload commit 60cee0fc7c0cda8592644e1aad72851dec82c959"
| author | shellac |
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| date | Mon, 22 Mar 2021 18:12:50 +0000 |
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# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved. # Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be # found in the LICENSE file. """Linux platform implementation.""" from __future__ import division import base64 import collections import errno import functools import glob import os import re import socket import struct import sys import traceback import warnings from collections import defaultdict from collections import namedtuple from . import _common from . import _psposix from . import _psutil_linux as cext from . import _psutil_posix as cext_posix from ._common import AccessDenied from ._common import debug from ._common import decode from ._common import get_procfs_path from ._common import isfile_strict from ._common import memoize from ._common import memoize_when_activated from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_FULL from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_HALF from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN from ._common import NoSuchProcess from ._common import open_binary from ._common import open_text from ._common import parse_environ_block from ._common import path_exists_strict from ._common import supports_ipv6 from ._common import usage_percent from ._common import ZombieProcess from ._compat import b from ._compat import basestring from ._compat import FileNotFoundError from ._compat import PermissionError from ._compat import ProcessLookupError from ._compat import PY3 if sys.version_info >= (3, 4): import enum else: enum = None __extra__all__ = [ # 'PROCFS_PATH', # io prio constants "IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE", "IOPRIO_CLASS_RT", "IOPRIO_CLASS_BE", "IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE", # connection status constants "CONN_ESTABLISHED", "CONN_SYN_SENT", "CONN_SYN_RECV", "CONN_FIN_WAIT1", "CONN_FIN_WAIT2", "CONN_TIME_WAIT", "CONN_CLOSE", "CONN_CLOSE_WAIT", "CONN_LAST_ACK", "CONN_LISTEN", "CONN_CLOSING", ] # ===================================================================== # --- globals # ===================================================================== POWER_SUPPLY_PATH = "/sys/class/power_supply" HAS_SMAPS = os.path.exists('/proc/%s/smaps' % os.getpid()) HAS_PROC_IO_PRIORITY = hasattr(cext, "proc_ioprio_get") HAS_CPU_AFFINITY = hasattr(cext, "proc_cpu_affinity_get") _DEFAULT = object() # Number of clock ticks per second CLOCK_TICKS = os.sysconf("SC_CLK_TCK") PAGESIZE = cext_posix.getpagesize() BOOT_TIME = None # set later # Used when reading "big" files, namely /proc/{pid}/smaps and /proc/net/*. # On Python 2, using a buffer with open() for such files may result in a # speedup, see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/708 BIGFILE_BUFFERING = -1 if PY3 else 8192 LITTLE_ENDIAN = sys.byteorder == 'little' # "man iostat" states that sectors are equivalent with blocks and have # a size of 512 bytes. Despite this value can be queried at runtime # via /sys/block/{DISK}/queue/hw_sector_size and results may vary # between 1k, 2k, or 4k... 512 appears to be a magic constant used # throughout Linux source code: # * https://stackoverflow.com/a/38136179/376587 # * https://lists.gt.net/linux/kernel/2241060 # * https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1305 # * https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/ # 4f671fe2f9523a1ea206f63fe60a7c7b3a56d5c7/include/linux/bio.h#L99 # * https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/8/17/234 DISK_SECTOR_SIZE = 512 if enum is None: AF_LINK = socket.AF_PACKET else: AddressFamily = enum.IntEnum('AddressFamily', {'AF_LINK': int(socket.AF_PACKET)}) AF_LINK = AddressFamily.AF_LINK # ioprio_* constants http://linux.die.net/man/2/ioprio_get if enum is None: IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE = 0 IOPRIO_CLASS_RT = 1 IOPRIO_CLASS_BE = 2 IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE = 3 else: class IOPriority(enum.IntEnum): IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE = 0 IOPRIO_CLASS_RT = 1 IOPRIO_CLASS_BE = 2 IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE = 3 globals().update(IOPriority.__members__) # See: # https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blame/master/fs/proc/array.c # ...and (TASK_* constants): # https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/include/linux/sched.h PROC_STATUSES = { "R": _common.STATUS_RUNNING, "S": _common.STATUS_SLEEPING, "D": _common.STATUS_DISK_SLEEP, "T": _common.STATUS_STOPPED, "t": _common.STATUS_TRACING_STOP, "Z": _common.STATUS_ZOMBIE, "X": _common.STATUS_DEAD, "x": _common.STATUS_DEAD, "K": _common.STATUS_WAKE_KILL, "W": _common.STATUS_WAKING, "I": _common.STATUS_IDLE, "P": _common.STATUS_PARKED, } # https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/include/net/tcp_states.h TCP_STATUSES = { "01": _common.CONN_ESTABLISHED, "02": _common.CONN_SYN_SENT, "03": _common.CONN_SYN_RECV, "04": _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT1, "05": _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT2, "06": _common.CONN_TIME_WAIT, "07": _common.CONN_CLOSE, "08": _common.CONN_CLOSE_WAIT, "09": _common.CONN_LAST_ACK, "0A": _common.CONN_LISTEN, "0B": _common.CONN_CLOSING } # ===================================================================== # --- named tuples # ===================================================================== # psutil.virtual_memory() svmem = namedtuple( 'svmem', ['total', 'available', 'percent', 'used', 'free', 'active', 'inactive', 'buffers', 'cached', 'shared', 'slab']) # psutil.disk_io_counters() sdiskio = namedtuple( 'sdiskio', ['read_count', 'write_count', 'read_bytes', 'write_bytes', 'read_time', 'write_time', 'read_merged_count', 'write_merged_count', 'busy_time']) # psutil.Process().open_files() popenfile = namedtuple( 'popenfile', ['path', 'fd', 'position', 'mode', 'flags']) # psutil.Process().memory_info() pmem = namedtuple('pmem', 'rss vms shared text lib data dirty') # psutil.Process().memory_full_info() pfullmem = namedtuple('pfullmem', pmem._fields + ('uss', 'pss', 'swap')) # psutil.Process().memory_maps(grouped=True) pmmap_grouped = namedtuple( 'pmmap_grouped', ['path', 'rss', 'size', 'pss', 'shared_clean', 'shared_dirty', 'private_clean', 'private_dirty', 'referenced', 'anonymous', 'swap']) # psutil.Process().memory_maps(grouped=False) pmmap_ext = namedtuple( 'pmmap_ext', 'addr perms ' + ' '.join(pmmap_grouped._fields)) # psutil.Process.io_counters() pio = namedtuple('pio', ['read_count', 'write_count', 'read_bytes', 'write_bytes', 'read_chars', 'write_chars']) # psutil.Process.cpu_times() pcputimes = namedtuple('pcputimes', ['user', 'system', 'children_user', 'children_system', 'iowait']) # ===================================================================== # --- utils # ===================================================================== def readlink(path): """Wrapper around os.readlink().""" assert isinstance(path, basestring), path path = os.readlink(path) # readlink() might return paths containing null bytes ('\x00') # resulting in "TypeError: must be encoded string without NULL # bytes, not str" errors when the string is passed to other # fs-related functions (os.*, open(), ...). # Apparently everything after '\x00' is garbage (we can have # ' (deleted)', 'new' and possibly others), see: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/717 path = path.split('\x00')[0] # Certain paths have ' (deleted)' appended. Usually this is # bogus as the file actually exists. Even if it doesn't we # don't care. if path.endswith(' (deleted)') and not path_exists_strict(path): path = path[:-10] return path def file_flags_to_mode(flags): """Convert file's open() flags into a readable string. Used by Process.open_files(). """ modes_map = {os.O_RDONLY: 'r', os.O_WRONLY: 'w', os.O_RDWR: 'w+'} mode = modes_map[flags & (os.O_RDONLY | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_RDWR)] if flags & os.O_APPEND: mode = mode.replace('w', 'a', 1) mode = mode.replace('w+', 'r+') # possible values: r, w, a, r+, a+ return mode def is_storage_device(name): """Return True if the given name refers to a root device (e.g. "sda", "nvme0n1") as opposed to a logical partition (e.g. "sda1", "nvme0n1p1"). If name is a virtual device (e.g. "loop1", "ram") return True. """ # Readapted from iostat source code, see: # https://github.com/sysstat/sysstat/blob/ # 97912938cd476645b267280069e83b1c8dc0e1c7/common.c#L208 # Some devices may have a slash in their name (e.g. cciss/c0d0...). name = name.replace('/', '!') including_virtual = True if including_virtual: path = "/sys/block/%s" % name else: path = "/sys/block/%s/device" % name return os.access(path, os.F_OK) @memoize def set_scputimes_ntuple(procfs_path): """Set a namedtuple of variable fields depending on the CPU times available on this Linux kernel version which may be: (user, nice, system, idle, iowait, irq, softirq, [steal, [guest, [guest_nice]]]) Used by cpu_times() function. """ global scputimes with open_binary('%s/stat' % procfs_path) as f: values = f.readline().split()[1:] fields = ['user', 'nice', 'system', 'idle', 'iowait', 'irq', 'softirq'] vlen = len(values) if vlen >= 8: # Linux >= 2.6.11 fields.append('steal') if vlen >= 9: # Linux >= 2.6.24 fields.append('guest') if vlen >= 10: # Linux >= 3.2.0 fields.append('guest_nice') scputimes = namedtuple('scputimes', fields) def cat(fname, fallback=_DEFAULT, binary=True): """Return file content. fallback: the value returned in case the file does not exist or cannot be read binary: whether to open the file in binary or text mode. """ try: with open_binary(fname) if binary else open_text(fname) as f: return f.read().strip() except (IOError, OSError): if fallback is not _DEFAULT: return fallback else: raise try: set_scputimes_ntuple("/proc") except Exception: # pragma: no cover # Don't want to crash at import time. traceback.print_exc() scputimes = namedtuple('scputimes', 'user system idle')(0.0, 0.0, 0.0) # ===================================================================== # --- prlimit # ===================================================================== # Backport of resource.prlimit() for Python 2. Originally this was done # in C, but CentOS-6 which we use to create manylinux wheels is too old # and does not support prlimit() syscall. As such the resulting wheel # would not include prlimit(), even when installed on newer systems. # This is the only part of psutil using ctypes. prlimit = None try: from resource import prlimit # python >= 3.4 except ImportError: import ctypes libc = ctypes.CDLL(None, use_errno=True) if hasattr(libc, "prlimit"): def prlimit(pid, resource_, limits=None): class StructRlimit(ctypes.Structure): _fields_ = [('rlim_cur', ctypes.c_longlong), ('rlim_max', ctypes.c_longlong)] current = StructRlimit() if limits is None: # get ret = libc.prlimit(pid, resource_, None, ctypes.byref(current)) else: # set new = StructRlimit() new.rlim_cur = limits[0] new.rlim_max = limits[1] ret = libc.prlimit( pid, resource_, ctypes.byref(new), ctypes.byref(current)) if ret != 0: errno = ctypes.get_errno() raise OSError(errno, os.strerror(errno)) return (current.rlim_cur, current.rlim_max) if prlimit is not None: __extra__all__.extend( [x for x in dir(cext) if x.startswith('RLIM') and x.isupper()]) # ===================================================================== # --- system memory # ===================================================================== def calculate_avail_vmem(mems): """Fallback for kernels < 3.14 where /proc/meminfo does not provide "MemAvailable:" column, see: https://blog.famzah.net/2014/09/24/ This code reimplements the algorithm outlined here: https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/ commit/?id=34e431b0ae398fc54ea69ff85ec700722c9da773 XXX: on recent kernels this calculation differs by ~1.5% than "MemAvailable:" as it's calculated slightly differently, see: https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/issues/42 https://github.com/famzah/linux-memavailable-procfs/issues/2 It is still way more realistic than doing (free + cached) though. """ # Fallback for very old distros. According to # https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/ # commit/?id=34e431b0ae398fc54ea69ff85ec700722c9da773 # ...long ago "avail" was calculated as (free + cached). # We might fallback in such cases: # "Active(file)" not available: 2.6.28 / Dec 2008 # "Inactive(file)" not available: 2.6.28 / Dec 2008 # "SReclaimable:" not available: 2.6.19 / Nov 2006 # /proc/zoneinfo not available: 2.6.13 / Aug 2005 free = mems[b'MemFree:'] fallback = free + mems.get(b"Cached:", 0) try: lru_active_file = mems[b'Active(file):'] lru_inactive_file = mems[b'Inactive(file):'] slab_reclaimable = mems[b'SReclaimable:'] except KeyError: return fallback try: f = open_binary('%s/zoneinfo' % get_procfs_path()) except IOError: return fallback # kernel 2.6.13 watermark_low = 0 with f: for line in f: line = line.strip() if line.startswith(b'low'): watermark_low += int(line.split()[1]) watermark_low *= PAGESIZE avail = free - watermark_low pagecache = lru_active_file + lru_inactive_file pagecache -= min(pagecache / 2, watermark_low) avail += pagecache avail += slab_reclaimable - min(slab_reclaimable / 2.0, watermark_low) return int(avail) def virtual_memory(): """Report virtual memory stats. This implementation matches "free" and "vmstat -s" cmdline utility values and procps-ng-3.3.12 source was used as a reference (2016-09-18): https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/blob/ 24fd2605c51fccc375ab0287cec33aa767f06718/proc/sysinfo.c For reference, procps-ng-3.3.10 is the version available on Ubuntu 16.04. Note about "available" memory: up until psutil 4.3 it was calculated as "avail = (free + buffers + cached)". Now "MemAvailable:" column (kernel 3.14) from /proc/meminfo is used as it's more accurate. That matches "available" column in newer versions of "free". """ missing_fields = [] mems = {} with open_binary('%s/meminfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f: for line in f: fields = line.split() mems[fields[0]] = int(fields[1]) * 1024 # /proc doc states that the available fields in /proc/meminfo vary # by architecture and compile options, but these 3 values are also # returned by sysinfo(2); as such we assume they are always there. total = mems[b'MemTotal:'] free = mems[b'MemFree:'] try: buffers = mems[b'Buffers:'] except KeyError: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1010 buffers = 0 missing_fields.append('buffers') try: cached = mems[b"Cached:"] except KeyError: cached = 0 missing_fields.append('cached') else: # "free" cmdline utility sums reclaimable to cached. # Older versions of procps used to add slab memory instead. # This got changed in: # https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/commit/ # 05d751c4f076a2f0118b914c5e51cfbb4762ad8e cached += mems.get(b"SReclaimable:", 0) # since kernel 2.6.19 try: shared = mems[b'Shmem:'] # since kernel 2.6.32 except KeyError: try: shared = mems[b'MemShared:'] # kernels 2.4 except KeyError: shared = 0 missing_fields.append('shared') try: active = mems[b"Active:"] except KeyError: active = 0 missing_fields.append('active') try: inactive = mems[b"Inactive:"] except KeyError: try: inactive = \ mems[b"Inact_dirty:"] + \ mems[b"Inact_clean:"] + \ mems[b"Inact_laundry:"] except KeyError: inactive = 0 missing_fields.append('inactive') try: slab = mems[b"Slab:"] except KeyError: slab = 0 used = total - free - cached - buffers if used < 0: # May be symptomatic of running within a LCX container where such # values will be dramatically distorted over those of the host. used = total - free # - starting from 4.4.0 we match free's "available" column. # Before 4.4.0 we calculated it as (free + buffers + cached) # which matched htop. # - free and htop available memory differs as per: # http://askubuntu.com/a/369589 # http://unix.stackexchange.com/a/65852/168884 # - MemAvailable has been introduced in kernel 3.14 try: avail = mems[b'MemAvailable:'] except KeyError: avail = calculate_avail_vmem(mems) if avail < 0: avail = 0 missing_fields.append('available') # If avail is greater than total or our calculation overflows, # that's symptomatic of running within a LCX container where such # values will be dramatically distorted over those of the host. # https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/blob/ # 24fd2605c51fccc375ab0287cec33aa767f06718/proc/sysinfo.c#L764 if avail > total: avail = free percent = usage_percent((total - avail), total, round_=1) # Warn about missing metrics which are set to 0. if missing_fields: msg = "%s memory stats couldn't be determined and %s set to 0" % ( ", ".join(missing_fields), "was" if len(missing_fields) == 1 else "were") warnings.warn(msg, RuntimeWarning) return svmem(total, avail, percent, used, free, active, inactive, buffers, cached, shared, slab) def swap_memory(): """Return swap memory metrics.""" mems = {} with open_binary('%s/meminfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f: for line in f: fields = line.split() mems[fields[0]] = int(fields[1]) * 1024 # We prefer /proc/meminfo over sysinfo() syscall so that # psutil.PROCFS_PATH can be used in order to allow retrieval # for linux containers, see: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1015 try: total = mems[b'SwapTotal:'] free = mems[b'SwapFree:'] except KeyError: _, _, _, _, total, free, unit_multiplier = cext.linux_sysinfo() total *= unit_multiplier free *= unit_multiplier used = total - free percent = usage_percent(used, total, round_=1) # get pgin/pgouts try: f = open_binary("%s/vmstat" % get_procfs_path()) except IOError as err: # see https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/722 msg = "'sin' and 'sout' swap memory stats couldn't " \ "be determined and were set to 0 (%s)" % str(err) warnings.warn(msg, RuntimeWarning) sin = sout = 0 else: with f: sin = sout = None for line in f: # values are expressed in 4 kilo bytes, we want # bytes instead if line.startswith(b'pswpin'): sin = int(line.split(b' ')[1]) * 4 * 1024 elif line.startswith(b'pswpout'): sout = int(line.split(b' ')[1]) * 4 * 1024 if sin is not None and sout is not None: break else: # we might get here when dealing with exotic Linux # flavors, see: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/313 msg = "'sin' and 'sout' swap memory stats couldn't " \ "be determined and were set to 0" warnings.warn(msg, RuntimeWarning) sin = sout = 0 return _common.sswap(total, used, free, percent, sin, sout) # ===================================================================== # --- CPU # ===================================================================== def cpu_times(): """Return a named tuple representing the following system-wide CPU times: (user, nice, system, idle, iowait, irq, softirq [steal, [guest, [guest_nice]]]) Last 3 fields may not be available on all Linux kernel versions. """ procfs_path = get_procfs_path() set_scputimes_ntuple(procfs_path) with open_binary('%s/stat' % procfs_path) as f: values = f.readline().split() fields = values[1:len(scputimes._fields) + 1] fields = [float(x) / CLOCK_TICKS for x in fields] return scputimes(*fields) def per_cpu_times(): """Return a list of namedtuple representing the CPU times for every CPU available on the system. """ procfs_path = get_procfs_path() set_scputimes_ntuple(procfs_path) cpus = [] with open_binary('%s/stat' % procfs_path) as f: # get rid of the first line which refers to system wide CPU stats f.readline() for line in f: if line.startswith(b'cpu'): values = line.split() fields = values[1:len(scputimes._fields) + 1] fields = [float(x) / CLOCK_TICKS for x in fields] entry = scputimes(*fields) cpus.append(entry) return cpus def cpu_count_logical(): """Return the number of logical CPUs in the system.""" try: return os.sysconf("SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN") except ValueError: # as a second fallback we try to parse /proc/cpuinfo num = 0 with open_binary('%s/cpuinfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f: for line in f: if line.lower().startswith(b'processor'): num += 1 # unknown format (e.g. amrel/sparc architectures), see: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/200 # try to parse /proc/stat as a last resort if num == 0: search = re.compile(r'cpu\d') with open_text('%s/stat' % get_procfs_path()) as f: for line in f: line = line.split(' ')[0] if search.match(line): num += 1 if num == 0: # mimic os.cpu_count() return None return num def cpu_count_physical(): """Return the number of physical cores in the system.""" # Method #1 ls = set() # These 2 files are the same but */core_cpus_list is newer while # */thread_siblings_list is deprecated and may disappear in the future. # https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/admin-guide/cputopology.rst # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/1727#issuecomment-707624964 # https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/2/26/41 p1 = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*/topology/core_cpus_list" p2 = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*/topology/thread_siblings_list" for path in glob.glob(p1) or glob.glob(p2): with open_binary(path) as f: ls.add(f.read().strip()) result = len(ls) if result != 0: return result # Method #2 mapping = {} current_info = {} with open_binary('%s/cpuinfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f: for line in f: line = line.strip().lower() if not line: # new section try: mapping[current_info[b'physical id']] = \ current_info[b'cpu cores'] except KeyError: pass current_info = {} else: # ongoing section if line.startswith((b'physical id', b'cpu cores')): key, value = line.split(b'\t:', 1) current_info[key] = int(value) result = sum(mapping.values()) return result or None # mimic os.cpu_count() def cpu_stats(): """Return various CPU stats as a named tuple.""" with open_binary('%s/stat' % get_procfs_path()) as f: ctx_switches = None interrupts = None soft_interrupts = None for line in f: if line.startswith(b'ctxt'): ctx_switches = int(line.split()[1]) elif line.startswith(b'intr'): interrupts = int(line.split()[1]) elif line.startswith(b'softirq'): soft_interrupts = int(line.split()[1]) if ctx_switches is not None and soft_interrupts is not None \ and interrupts is not None: break syscalls = 0 return _common.scpustats( ctx_switches, interrupts, soft_interrupts, syscalls) if os.path.exists("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/policy0") or \ os.path.exists("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq"): def cpu_freq(): """Return frequency metrics for all CPUs. Contrarily to other OSes, Linux updates these values in real-time. """ def get_path(num): for p in ("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/policy%s" % num, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%s/cpufreq" % num): if os.path.exists(p): return p ret = [] for n in range(cpu_count_logical()): path = get_path(n) if not path: continue pjoin = os.path.join curr = cat(pjoin(path, "scaling_cur_freq"), fallback=None) if curr is None: # Likely an old RedHat, see: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1071 curr = cat(pjoin(path, "cpuinfo_cur_freq"), fallback=None) if curr is None: raise NotImplementedError( "can't find current frequency file") curr = int(curr) / 1000 max_ = int(cat(pjoin(path, "scaling_max_freq"))) / 1000 min_ = int(cat(pjoin(path, "scaling_min_freq"))) / 1000 ret.append(_common.scpufreq(curr, min_, max_)) return ret elif os.path.exists("/proc/cpuinfo"): def cpu_freq(): """Alternate implementation using /proc/cpuinfo. min and max frequencies are not available and are set to None. """ ret = [] with open_binary('%s/cpuinfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f: for line in f: if line.lower().startswith(b'cpu mhz'): key, value = line.split(b':', 1) ret.append(_common.scpufreq(float(value), 0., 0.)) return ret else: def cpu_freq(): """Dummy implementation when none of the above files are present. """ return [] # ===================================================================== # --- network # ===================================================================== net_if_addrs = cext_posix.net_if_addrs class _Ipv6UnsupportedError(Exception): pass class Connections: """A wrapper on top of /proc/net/* files, retrieving per-process and system-wide open connections (TCP, UDP, UNIX) similarly to "netstat -an". Note: in case of UNIX sockets we're only able to determine the local endpoint/path, not the one it's connected to. According to [1] it would be possible but not easily. [1] http://serverfault.com/a/417946 """ def __init__(self): # The string represents the basename of the corresponding # /proc/net/{proto_name} file. tcp4 = ("tcp", socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) tcp6 = ("tcp6", socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_STREAM) udp4 = ("udp", socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) udp6 = ("udp6", socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) unix = ("unix", socket.AF_UNIX, None) self.tmap = { "all": (tcp4, tcp6, udp4, udp6, unix), "tcp": (tcp4, tcp6), "tcp4": (tcp4,), "tcp6": (tcp6,), "udp": (udp4, udp6), "udp4": (udp4,), "udp6": (udp6,), "unix": (unix,), "inet": (tcp4, tcp6, udp4, udp6), "inet4": (tcp4, udp4), "inet6": (tcp6, udp6), } self._procfs_path = None def get_proc_inodes(self, pid): inodes = defaultdict(list) for fd in os.listdir("%s/%s/fd" % (self._procfs_path, pid)): try: inode = readlink("%s/%s/fd/%s" % (self._procfs_path, pid, fd)) except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError): # ENOENT == file which is gone in the meantime; # os.stat('/proc/%s' % self.pid) will be done later # to force NSP (if it's the case) continue except OSError as err: if err.errno == errno.EINVAL: # not a link continue raise else: if inode.startswith('socket:['): # the process is using a socket inode = inode[8:][:-1] inodes[inode].append((pid, int(fd))) return inodes def get_all_inodes(self): inodes = {} for pid in pids(): try: inodes.update(self.get_proc_inodes(pid)) except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError, PermissionError): # os.listdir() is gonna raise a lot of access denied # exceptions in case of unprivileged user; that's fine # as we'll just end up returning a connection with PID # and fd set to None anyway. # Both netstat -an and lsof does the same so it's # unlikely we can do any better. # ENOENT just means a PID disappeared on us. continue return inodes @staticmethod def decode_address(addr, family): """Accept an "ip:port" address as displayed in /proc/net/* and convert it into a human readable form, like: "0500000A:0016" -> ("10.0.0.5", 22) "0000000000000000FFFF00000100007F:9E49" -> ("::ffff:127.0.0.1", 40521) The IP address portion is a little or big endian four-byte hexadecimal number; that is, the least significant byte is listed first, so we need to reverse the order of the bytes to convert it to an IP address. The port is represented as a two-byte hexadecimal number. Reference: http://linuxdevcenter.com/pub/a/linux/2000/11/16/LinuxAdmin.html """ ip, port = addr.split(':') port = int(port, 16) # this usually refers to a local socket in listen mode with # no end-points connected if not port: return () if PY3: ip = ip.encode('ascii') if family == socket.AF_INET: # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/201 if LITTLE_ENDIAN: ip = socket.inet_ntop(family, base64.b16decode(ip)[::-1]) else: ip = socket.inet_ntop(family, base64.b16decode(ip)) else: # IPv6 ip = base64.b16decode(ip) try: # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/201 if LITTLE_ENDIAN: ip = socket.inet_ntop( socket.AF_INET6, struct.pack('>4I', *struct.unpack('<4I', ip))) else: ip = socket.inet_ntop( socket.AF_INET6, struct.pack('<4I', *struct.unpack('<4I', ip))) except ValueError: # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/623 if not supports_ipv6(): raise _Ipv6UnsupportedError else: raise return _common.addr(ip, port) @staticmethod def process_inet(file, family, type_, inodes, filter_pid=None): """Parse /proc/net/tcp* and /proc/net/udp* files.""" if file.endswith('6') and not os.path.exists(file): # IPv6 not supported return with open_text(file, buffering=BIGFILE_BUFFERING) as f: f.readline() # skip the first line for lineno, line in enumerate(f, 1): try: _, laddr, raddr, status, _, _, _, _, _, inode = \ line.split()[:10] except ValueError: raise RuntimeError( "error while parsing %s; malformed line %s %r" % ( file, lineno, line)) if inode in inodes: # # We assume inet sockets are unique, so we error # # out if there are multiple references to the # # same inode. We won't do this for UNIX sockets. # if len(inodes[inode]) > 1 and family != socket.AF_UNIX: # raise ValueError("ambiguos inode with multiple " # "PIDs references") pid, fd = inodes[inode][0] else: pid, fd = None, -1 if filter_pid is not None and filter_pid != pid: continue else: if type_ == socket.SOCK_STREAM: status = TCP_STATUSES[status] else: status = _common.CONN_NONE try: laddr = Connections.decode_address(laddr, family) raddr = Connections.decode_address(raddr, family) except _Ipv6UnsupportedError: continue yield (fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, status, pid) @staticmethod def process_unix(file, family, inodes, filter_pid=None): """Parse /proc/net/unix files.""" with open_text(file, buffering=BIGFILE_BUFFERING) as f: f.readline() # skip the first line for line in f: tokens = line.split() try: _, _, _, _, type_, _, inode = tokens[0:7] except ValueError: if ' ' not in line: # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/766 continue raise RuntimeError( "error while parsing %s; malformed line %r" % ( file, line)) if inode in inodes: # With UNIX sockets we can have a single inode # referencing many file descriptors. pairs = inodes[inode] else: pairs = [(None, -1)] for pid, fd in pairs: if filter_pid is not None and filter_pid != pid: continue else: if len(tokens) == 8: path = tokens[-1] else: path = "" type_ = _common.socktype_to_enum(int(type_)) # XXX: determining the remote endpoint of a # UNIX socket on Linux is not possible, see: # https://serverfault.com/questions/252723/ raddr = "" status = _common.CONN_NONE yield (fd, family, type_, path, raddr, status, pid) def retrieve(self, kind, pid=None): if kind not in self.tmap: raise ValueError("invalid %r kind argument; choose between %s" % (kind, ', '.join([repr(x) for x in self.tmap]))) self._procfs_path = get_procfs_path() if pid is not None: inodes = self.get_proc_inodes(pid) if not inodes: # no connections for this process return [] else: inodes = self.get_all_inodes() ret = set() for proto_name, family, type_ in self.tmap[kind]: path = "%s/net/%s" % (self._procfs_path, proto_name) if family in (socket.AF_INET, socket.AF_INET6): ls = self.process_inet( path, family, type_, inodes, filter_pid=pid) else: ls = self.process_unix( path, family, inodes, filter_pid=pid) for fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, status, bound_pid in ls: if pid: conn = _common.pconn(fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, status) else: conn = _common.sconn(fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, status, bound_pid) ret.add(conn) return list(ret) _connections = Connections() def net_connections(kind='inet'): """Return system-wide open connections.""" return _connections.retrieve(kind) def net_io_counters(): """Return network I/O statistics for every network interface installed on the system as a dict of raw tuples. """ with open_text("%s/net/dev" % get_procfs_path()) as f: lines = f.readlines() retdict = {} for line in lines[2:]: colon = line.rfind(':') assert colon > 0, repr(line) name = line[:colon].strip() fields = line[colon + 1:].strip().split() # in (bytes_recv, packets_recv, errin, dropin, fifoin, # unused framein, # unused compressedin, # unused multicastin, # unused # out bytes_sent, packets_sent, errout, dropout, fifoout, # unused collisionsout, # unused carrierout, # unused compressedout) = map(int, fields) retdict[name] = (bytes_sent, bytes_recv, packets_sent, packets_recv, errin, errout, dropin, dropout) return retdict def net_if_stats(): """Get NIC stats (isup, duplex, speed, mtu).""" duplex_map = {cext.DUPLEX_FULL: NIC_DUPLEX_FULL, cext.DUPLEX_HALF: NIC_DUPLEX_HALF, cext.DUPLEX_UNKNOWN: NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN} names = net_io_counters().keys() ret = {} for name in names: try: mtu = cext_posix.net_if_mtu(name) isup = cext_posix.net_if_is_running(name) duplex, speed = cext.net_if_duplex_speed(name) except OSError as err: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1279 if err.errno != errno.ENODEV: raise else: ret[name] = _common.snicstats(isup, duplex_map[duplex], speed, mtu) return ret # ===================================================================== # --- disks # ===================================================================== disk_usage = _psposix.disk_usage def disk_io_counters(perdisk=False): """Return disk I/O statistics for every disk installed on the system as a dict of raw tuples. """ def read_procfs(): # OK, this is a bit confusing. The format of /proc/diskstats can # have 3 variations. # On Linux 2.4 each line has always 15 fields, e.g.: # "3 0 8 hda 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8" # On Linux 2.6+ each line *usually* has 14 fields, and the disk # name is in another position, like this: # "3 0 hda 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8" # ...unless (Linux 2.6) the line refers to a partition instead # of a disk, in which case the line has less fields (7): # "3 1 hda1 8 8 8 8" # 4.18+ has 4 fields added: # "3 0 hda 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 0 0 0 0" # 5.5 has 2 more fields. # See: # https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/iostats.txt # https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/ABI/testing/procfs-diskstats with open_text("%s/diskstats" % get_procfs_path()) as f: lines = f.readlines() for line in lines: fields = line.split() flen = len(fields) if flen == 15: # Linux 2.4 name = fields[3] reads = int(fields[2]) (reads_merged, rbytes, rtime, writes, writes_merged, wbytes, wtime, _, busy_time, _) = map(int, fields[4:14]) elif flen == 14 or flen >= 18: # Linux 2.6+, line referring to a disk name = fields[2] (reads, reads_merged, rbytes, rtime, writes, writes_merged, wbytes, wtime, _, busy_time, _) = map(int, fields[3:14]) elif flen == 7: # Linux 2.6+, line referring to a partition name = fields[2] reads, rbytes, writes, wbytes = map(int, fields[3:]) rtime = wtime = reads_merged = writes_merged = busy_time = 0 else: raise ValueError("not sure how to interpret line %r" % line) yield (name, reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime, wtime, reads_merged, writes_merged, busy_time) def read_sysfs(): for block in os.listdir('/sys/block'): for root, _, files in os.walk(os.path.join('/sys/block', block)): if 'stat' not in files: continue with open_text(os.path.join(root, 'stat')) as f: fields = f.read().strip().split() name = os.path.basename(root) (reads, reads_merged, rbytes, rtime, writes, writes_merged, wbytes, wtime, _, busy_time) = map(int, fields[:10]) yield (name, reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime, wtime, reads_merged, writes_merged, busy_time) if os.path.exists('%s/diskstats' % get_procfs_path()): gen = read_procfs() elif os.path.exists('/sys/block'): gen = read_sysfs() else: raise NotImplementedError( "%s/diskstats nor /sys/block filesystem are available on this " "system" % get_procfs_path()) retdict = {} for entry in gen: (name, reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime, wtime, reads_merged, writes_merged, busy_time) = entry if not perdisk and not is_storage_device(name): # perdisk=False means we want to calculate totals so we skip # partitions (e.g. 'sda1', 'nvme0n1p1') and only include # base disk devices (e.g. 'sda', 'nvme0n1'). Base disks # include a total of all their partitions + some extra size # of their own: # $ cat /proc/diskstats # 259 0 sda 10485760 ... # 259 1 sda1 5186039 ... # 259 1 sda2 5082039 ... # See: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/1313 continue rbytes *= DISK_SECTOR_SIZE wbytes *= DISK_SECTOR_SIZE retdict[name] = (reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime, wtime, reads_merged, writes_merged, busy_time) return retdict def disk_partitions(all=False): """Return mounted disk partitions as a list of namedtuples.""" fstypes = set() procfs_path = get_procfs_path() with open_text("%s/filesystems" % procfs_path) as f: for line in f: line = line.strip() if not line.startswith("nodev"): fstypes.add(line.strip()) else: # ignore all lines starting with "nodev" except "nodev zfs" fstype = line.split("\t")[1] if fstype == "zfs": fstypes.add("zfs") # See: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1307 if procfs_path == "/proc" and os.path.isfile('/etc/mtab'): mounts_path = os.path.realpath("/etc/mtab") else: mounts_path = os.path.realpath("%s/self/mounts" % procfs_path) retlist = [] partitions = cext.disk_partitions(mounts_path) for partition in partitions: device, mountpoint, fstype, opts = partition if device == 'none': device = '' if not all: if device == '' or fstype not in fstypes: continue maxfile = maxpath = None # set later ntuple = _common.sdiskpart(device, mountpoint, fstype, opts, maxfile, maxpath) retlist.append(ntuple) return retlist # ===================================================================== # --- sensors # ===================================================================== def sensors_temperatures(): """Return hardware (CPU and others) temperatures as a dict including hardware name, label, current, max and critical temperatures. Implementation notes: - /sys/class/hwmon looks like the most recent interface to retrieve this info, and this implementation relies on it only (old distros will probably use something else) - lm-sensors on Ubuntu 16.04 relies on /sys/class/hwmon - /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone* is another one but it's more difficult to parse """ ret = collections.defaultdict(list) basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/temp*_*') # CentOS has an intermediate /device directory: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/971 # https://github.com/nicolargo/glances/issues/1060 basenames.extend(glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/device/temp*_*')) basenames = sorted(set([x.split('_')[0] for x in basenames])) # Only add the coretemp hwmon entries if they're not already in # /sys/class/hwmon/ # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1708 # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/1648 basenames2 = glob.glob( '/sys/devices/platform/coretemp.*/hwmon/hwmon*/temp*_*') repl = re.compile('/sys/devices/platform/coretemp.*/hwmon/') for name in basenames2: altname = repl.sub('/sys/class/hwmon/', name) if altname not in basenames: basenames.append(name) for base in basenames: try: path = base + '_input' current = float(cat(path)) / 1000.0 path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(base), 'name') unit_name = cat(path, binary=False) except (IOError, OSError, ValueError): # A lot of things can go wrong here, so let's just skip the # whole entry. Sure thing is Linux's /sys/class/hwmon really # is a stinky broken mess. # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1009 # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1101 # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1129 # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1245 # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1323 continue high = cat(base + '_max', fallback=None) critical = cat(base + '_crit', fallback=None) label = cat(base + '_label', fallback='', binary=False) if high is not None: try: high = float(high) / 1000.0 except ValueError: high = None if critical is not None: try: critical = float(critical) / 1000.0 except ValueError: critical = None ret[unit_name].append((label, current, high, critical)) # Indication that no sensors were detected in /sys/class/hwmon/ if not basenames: basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone*') basenames = sorted(set(basenames)) for base in basenames: try: path = os.path.join(base, 'temp') current = float(cat(path)) / 1000.0 path = os.path.join(base, 'type') unit_name = cat(path, binary=False) except (IOError, OSError, ValueError) as err: debug("ignoring %r for file %r" % (err, path)) continue trip_paths = glob.glob(base + '/trip_point*') trip_points = set(['_'.join( os.path.basename(p).split('_')[0:3]) for p in trip_paths]) critical = None high = None for trip_point in trip_points: path = os.path.join(base, trip_point + "_type") trip_type = cat(path, fallback='', binary=False) if trip_type == 'critical': critical = cat(os.path.join(base, trip_point + "_temp"), fallback=None) elif trip_type == 'high': high = cat(os.path.join(base, trip_point + "_temp"), fallback=None) if high is not None: try: high = float(high) / 1000.0 except ValueError: high = None if critical is not None: try: critical = float(critical) / 1000.0 except ValueError: critical = None ret[unit_name].append(('', current, high, critical)) return dict(ret) def sensors_fans(): """Return hardware fans info (for CPU and other peripherals) as a dict including hardware label and current speed. Implementation notes: - /sys/class/hwmon looks like the most recent interface to retrieve this info, and this implementation relies on it only (old distros will probably use something else) - lm-sensors on Ubuntu 16.04 relies on /sys/class/hwmon """ ret = collections.defaultdict(list) basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/fan*_*') if not basenames: # CentOS has an intermediate /device directory: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/971 basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/device/fan*_*') basenames = sorted(set([x.split('_')[0] for x in basenames])) for base in basenames: try: current = int(cat(base + '_input')) except (IOError, OSError) as err: warnings.warn("ignoring %r" % err, RuntimeWarning) continue unit_name = cat(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(base), 'name'), binary=False) label = cat(base + '_label', fallback='', binary=False) ret[unit_name].append(_common.sfan(label, current)) return dict(ret) def sensors_battery(): """Return battery information. Implementation note: it appears /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/ directory structure may vary and provide files with the same meaning but under different names, see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/966 """ null = object() def multi_cat(*paths): """Attempt to read the content of multiple files which may not exist. If none of them exist return None. """ for path in paths: ret = cat(path, fallback=null) if ret != null: return int(ret) if ret.isdigit() else ret return None bats = [x for x in os.listdir(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH) if x.startswith('BAT') or 'battery' in x.lower()] if not bats: return None # Get the first available battery. Usually this is "BAT0", except # some rare exceptions: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1238 root = os.path.join(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH, sorted(bats)[0]) # Base metrics. energy_now = multi_cat( root + "/energy_now", root + "/charge_now") power_now = multi_cat( root + "/power_now", root + "/current_now") energy_full = multi_cat( root + "/energy_full", root + "/charge_full") time_to_empty = multi_cat(root + "/time_to_empty_now") # Percent. If we have energy_full the percentage will be more # accurate compared to reading /capacity file (float vs. int). if energy_full is not None and energy_now is not None: try: percent = 100.0 * energy_now / energy_full except ZeroDivisionError: percent = 0.0 else: percent = int(cat(root + "/capacity", fallback=-1)) if percent == -1: return None # Is AC power cable plugged in? # Note: AC0 is not always available and sometimes (e.g. CentOS7) # it's called "AC". power_plugged = None online = multi_cat( os.path.join(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH, "AC0/online"), os.path.join(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH, "AC/online")) if online is not None: power_plugged = online == 1 else: status = cat(root + "/status", fallback="", binary=False).lower() if status == "discharging": power_plugged = False elif status in ("charging", "full"): power_plugged = True # Seconds left. # Note to self: we may also calculate the charging ETA as per: # https://github.com/thialfihar/dotfiles/blob/ # 013937745fd9050c30146290e8f963d65c0179e6/bin/battery.py#L55 if power_plugged: secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED elif energy_now is not None and power_now is not None: try: secsleft = int(energy_now / power_now * 3600) except ZeroDivisionError: secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN elif time_to_empty is not None: secsleft = int(time_to_empty * 60) if secsleft < 0: secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN else: secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN return _common.sbattery(percent, secsleft, power_plugged) # ===================================================================== # --- other system functions # ===================================================================== def users(): """Return currently connected users as a list of namedtuples.""" retlist = [] rawlist = cext.users() for item in rawlist: user, tty, hostname, tstamp, user_process, pid = item # note: the underlying C function includes entries about # system boot, run level and others. We might want # to use them in the future. if not user_process: continue if hostname in (':0.0', ':0'): hostname = 'localhost' nt = _common.suser(user, tty or None, hostname, tstamp, pid) retlist.append(nt) return retlist def boot_time(): """Return the system boot time expressed in seconds since the epoch.""" global BOOT_TIME path = '%s/stat' % get_procfs_path() with open_binary(path) as f: for line in f: if line.startswith(b'btime'): ret = float(line.strip().split()[1]) BOOT_TIME = ret return ret raise RuntimeError( "line 'btime' not found in %s" % path) # ===================================================================== # --- processes # ===================================================================== def pids(): """Returns a list of PIDs currently running on the system.""" return [int(x) for x in os.listdir(b(get_procfs_path())) if x.isdigit()] def pid_exists(pid): """Check for the existence of a unix PID. Linux TIDs are not supported (always return False). """ if not _psposix.pid_exists(pid): return False else: # Linux's apparently does not distinguish between PIDs and TIDs # (thread IDs). # listdir("/proc") won't show any TID (only PIDs) but # os.stat("/proc/{tid}") will succeed if {tid} exists. # os.kill() can also be passed a TID. This is quite confusing. # In here we want to enforce this distinction and support PIDs # only, see: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/687 try: # Note: already checked that this is faster than using a # regular expr. Also (a lot) faster than doing # 'return pid in pids()' path = "%s/%s/status" % (get_procfs_path(), pid) with open_binary(path) as f: for line in f: if line.startswith(b"Tgid:"): tgid = int(line.split()[1]) # If tgid and pid are the same then we're # dealing with a process PID. return tgid == pid raise ValueError("'Tgid' line not found in %s" % path) except (EnvironmentError, ValueError): return pid in pids() def ppid_map(): """Obtain a {pid: ppid, ...} dict for all running processes in one shot. Used to speed up Process.children(). """ ret = {} procfs_path = get_procfs_path() for pid in pids(): try: with open_binary("%s/%s/stat" % (procfs_path, pid)) as f: data = f.read() except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError): # Note: we should be able to access /stat for all processes # aka it's unlikely we'll bump into EPERM, which is good. pass else: rpar = data.rfind(b')') dset = data[rpar + 2:].split() ppid = int(dset[1]) ret[pid] = ppid return ret def wrap_exceptions(fun): """Decorator which translates bare OSError and IOError exceptions into NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied. """ @functools.wraps(fun) def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs): try: return fun(self, *args, **kwargs) except PermissionError: raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name) except ProcessLookupError: raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name) except FileNotFoundError: if not os.path.exists("%s/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)): raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name) # Note: zombies will keep existing under /proc until they're # gone so there's no way to distinguish them in here. raise return wrapper class Process(object): """Linux process implementation.""" __slots__ = ["pid", "_name", "_ppid", "_procfs_path", "_cache"] def __init__(self, pid): self.pid = pid self._name = None self._ppid = None self._procfs_path = get_procfs_path() def _assert_alive(self): """Raise NSP if the process disappeared on us.""" # For those C function who do not raise NSP, possibly returning # incorrect or incomplete result. os.stat('%s/%s' % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) @wrap_exceptions @memoize_when_activated def _parse_stat_file(self): """Parse /proc/{pid}/stat file and return a dict with various process info. Using "man proc" as a reference: where "man proc" refers to position N always substract 3 (e.g ppid position 4 in 'man proc' == position 1 in here). The return value is cached in case oneshot() ctx manager is in use. """ with open_binary("%s/%s/stat" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: data = f.read() # Process name is between parentheses. It can contain spaces and # other parentheses. This is taken into account by looking for # the first occurrence of "(" and the last occurence of ")". rpar = data.rfind(b')') name = data[data.find(b'(') + 1:rpar] fields = data[rpar + 2:].split() ret = {} ret['name'] = name ret['status'] = fields[0] ret['ppid'] = fields[1] ret['ttynr'] = fields[4] ret['utime'] = fields[11] ret['stime'] = fields[12] ret['children_utime'] = fields[13] ret['children_stime'] = fields[14] ret['create_time'] = fields[19] ret['cpu_num'] = fields[36] ret['blkio_ticks'] = fields[39] # aka 'delayacct_blkio_ticks' return ret @wrap_exceptions @memoize_when_activated def _read_status_file(self): """Read /proc/{pid}/stat file and return its content. The return value is cached in case oneshot() ctx manager is in use. """ with open_binary("%s/%s/status" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: return f.read() @wrap_exceptions @memoize_when_activated def _read_smaps_file(self): with open_binary("%s/%s/smaps" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid), buffering=BIGFILE_BUFFERING) as f: return f.read().strip() def oneshot_enter(self): self._parse_stat_file.cache_activate(self) self._read_status_file.cache_activate(self) self._read_smaps_file.cache_activate(self) def oneshot_exit(self): self._parse_stat_file.cache_deactivate(self) self._read_status_file.cache_deactivate(self) self._read_smaps_file.cache_deactivate(self) @wrap_exceptions def name(self): name = self._parse_stat_file()['name'] if PY3: name = decode(name) # XXX - gets changed later and probably needs refactoring return name def exe(self): try: return readlink("%s/%s/exe" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError): # no such file error; might be raised also if the # path actually exists for system processes with # low pids (about 0-20) if os.path.lexists("%s/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)): return "" else: if not pid_exists(self.pid): raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name) else: raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid) except PermissionError: raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name) @wrap_exceptions def cmdline(self): with open_text("%s/%s/cmdline" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: data = f.read() if not data: # may happen in case of zombie process return [] # 'man proc' states that args are separated by null bytes '\0' # and last char is supposed to be a null byte. Nevertheless # some processes may change their cmdline after being started # (via setproctitle() or similar), they are usually not # compliant with this rule and use spaces instead. Google # Chrome process is an example. See: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1179 sep = '\x00' if data.endswith('\x00') else ' ' if data.endswith(sep): data = data[:-1] cmdline = data.split(sep) # Sometimes last char is a null byte '\0' but the args are # separated by spaces, see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/ # issues/1179#issuecomment-552984549 if sep == '\x00' and len(cmdline) == 1 and ' ' in data: cmdline = data.split(' ') return cmdline @wrap_exceptions def environ(self): with open_text("%s/%s/environ" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: data = f.read() return parse_environ_block(data) @wrap_exceptions def terminal(self): tty_nr = int(self._parse_stat_file()['ttynr']) tmap = _psposix.get_terminal_map() try: return tmap[tty_nr] except KeyError: return None # May not be available on old kernels. if os.path.exists('/proc/%s/io' % os.getpid()): @wrap_exceptions def io_counters(self): fname = "%s/%s/io" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid) fields = {} with open_binary(fname) as f: for line in f: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1004 line = line.strip() if line: try: name, value = line.split(b': ') except ValueError: # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1004 continue else: fields[name] = int(value) if not fields: raise RuntimeError("%s file was empty" % fname) try: return pio( fields[b'syscr'], # read syscalls fields[b'syscw'], # write syscalls fields[b'read_bytes'], # read bytes fields[b'write_bytes'], # write bytes fields[b'rchar'], # read chars fields[b'wchar'], # write chars ) except KeyError as err: raise ValueError("%r field was not found in %s; found fields " "are %r" % (err[0], fname, fields)) @wrap_exceptions def cpu_times(self): values = self._parse_stat_file() utime = float(values['utime']) / CLOCK_TICKS stime = float(values['stime']) / CLOCK_TICKS children_utime = float(values['children_utime']) / CLOCK_TICKS children_stime = float(values['children_stime']) / CLOCK_TICKS iowait = float(values['blkio_ticks']) / CLOCK_TICKS return pcputimes(utime, stime, children_utime, children_stime, iowait) @wrap_exceptions def cpu_num(self): """What CPU the process is on.""" return int(self._parse_stat_file()['cpu_num']) @wrap_exceptions def wait(self, timeout=None): return _psposix.wait_pid(self.pid, timeout, self._name) @wrap_exceptions def create_time(self): ctime = float(self._parse_stat_file()['create_time']) # According to documentation, starttime is in field 21 and the # unit is jiffies (clock ticks). # We first divide it for clock ticks and then add uptime returning # seconds since the epoch. # Also use cached value if available. bt = BOOT_TIME or boot_time() return (ctime / CLOCK_TICKS) + bt @wrap_exceptions def memory_info(self): # ============================================================ # | FIELD | DESCRIPTION | AKA | TOP | # ============================================================ # | rss | resident set size | | RES | # | vms | total program size | size | VIRT | # | shared | shared pages (from shared mappings) | | SHR | # | text | text ('code') | trs | CODE | # | lib | library (unused in Linux 2.6) | lrs | | # | data | data + stack | drs | DATA | # | dirty | dirty pages (unused in Linux 2.6) | dt | | # ============================================================ with open_binary("%s/%s/statm" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: vms, rss, shared, text, lib, data, dirty = \ [int(x) * PAGESIZE for x in f.readline().split()[:7]] return pmem(rss, vms, shared, text, lib, data, dirty) # /proc/pid/smaps does not exist on kernels < 2.6.14 or if # CONFIG_MMU kernel configuration option is not enabled. if HAS_SMAPS: @wrap_exceptions def memory_full_info( self, # Gets Private_Clean, Private_Dirty, Private_Hugetlb. _private_re=re.compile(br"\nPrivate.*:\s+(\d+)"), _pss_re=re.compile(br"\nPss\:\s+(\d+)"), _swap_re=re.compile(br"\nSwap\:\s+(\d+)")): basic_mem = self.memory_info() # Note: using 3 regexes is faster than reading the file # line by line. # XXX: on Python 3 the 2 regexes are 30% slower than on # Python 2 though. Figure out why. # # You might be tempted to calculate USS by subtracting # the "shared" value from the "resident" value in # /proc/<pid>/statm. But at least on Linux, statm's "shared" # value actually counts pages backed by files, which has # little to do with whether the pages are actually shared. # /proc/self/smaps on the other hand appears to give us the # correct information. smaps_data = self._read_smaps_file() # Note: smaps file can be empty for certain processes. # The code below will not crash though and will result to 0. uss = sum(map(int, _private_re.findall(smaps_data))) * 1024 pss = sum(map(int, _pss_re.findall(smaps_data))) * 1024 swap = sum(map(int, _swap_re.findall(smaps_data))) * 1024 return pfullmem(*basic_mem + (uss, pss, swap)) else: memory_full_info = memory_info if HAS_SMAPS: @wrap_exceptions def memory_maps(self): """Return process's mapped memory regions as a list of named tuples. Fields are explained in 'man proc'; here is an updated (Apr 2012) version: http://goo.gl/fmebo /proc/{PID}/smaps does not exist on kernels < 2.6.14 or if CONFIG_MMU kernel configuration option is not enabled. """ def get_blocks(lines, current_block): data = {} for line in lines: fields = line.split(None, 5) if not fields[0].endswith(b':'): # new block section yield (current_block.pop(), data) current_block.append(line) else: try: data[fields[0]] = int(fields[1]) * 1024 except ValueError: if fields[0].startswith(b'VmFlags:'): # see issue #369 continue else: raise ValueError("don't know how to inte" "rpret line %r" % line) yield (current_block.pop(), data) data = self._read_smaps_file() # Note: smaps file can be empty for certain processes. if not data: return [] lines = data.split(b'\n') ls = [] first_line = lines.pop(0) current_block = [first_line] for header, data in get_blocks(lines, current_block): hfields = header.split(None, 5) try: addr, perms, offset, dev, inode, path = hfields except ValueError: addr, perms, offset, dev, inode, path = \ hfields + [''] if not path: path = '[anon]' else: if PY3: path = decode(path) path = path.strip() if (path.endswith(' (deleted)') and not path_exists_strict(path)): path = path[:-10] ls.append(( decode(addr), decode(perms), path, data.get(b'Rss:', 0), data.get(b'Size:', 0), data.get(b'Pss:', 0), data.get(b'Shared_Clean:', 0), data.get(b'Shared_Dirty:', 0), data.get(b'Private_Clean:', 0), data.get(b'Private_Dirty:', 0), data.get(b'Referenced:', 0), data.get(b'Anonymous:', 0), data.get(b'Swap:', 0) )) return ls @wrap_exceptions def cwd(self): try: return readlink("%s/%s/cwd" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError): # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/986 if not pid_exists(self.pid): raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name) else: raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid) @wrap_exceptions def num_ctx_switches(self, _ctxsw_re=re.compile(br'ctxt_switches:\t(\d+)')): data = self._read_status_file() ctxsw = _ctxsw_re.findall(data) if not ctxsw: raise NotImplementedError( "'voluntary_ctxt_switches' and 'nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches'" "lines were not found in %s/%s/status; the kernel is " "probably older than 2.6.23" % ( self._procfs_path, self.pid)) else: return _common.pctxsw(int(ctxsw[0]), int(ctxsw[1])) @wrap_exceptions def num_threads(self, _num_threads_re=re.compile(br'Threads:\t(\d+)')): # Note: on Python 3 using a re is faster than iterating over file # line by line. On Python 2 is the exact opposite, and iterating # over a file on Python 3 is slower than on Python 2. data = self._read_status_file() return int(_num_threads_re.findall(data)[0]) @wrap_exceptions def threads(self): thread_ids = os.listdir("%s/%s/task" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) thread_ids.sort() retlist = [] hit_enoent = False for thread_id in thread_ids: fname = "%s/%s/task/%s/stat" % ( self._procfs_path, self.pid, thread_id) try: with open_binary(fname) as f: st = f.read().strip() except FileNotFoundError: # no such file or directory; it means thread # disappeared on us hit_enoent = True continue # ignore the first two values ("pid (exe)") st = st[st.find(b')') + 2:] values = st.split(b' ') utime = float(values[11]) / CLOCK_TICKS stime = float(values[12]) / CLOCK_TICKS ntuple = _common.pthread(int(thread_id), utime, stime) retlist.append(ntuple) if hit_enoent: self._assert_alive() return retlist @wrap_exceptions def nice_get(self): # with open_text('%s/%s/stat' % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f: # data = f.read() # return int(data.split()[18]) # Use C implementation return cext_posix.getpriority(self.pid) @wrap_exceptions def nice_set(self, value): return cext_posix.setpriority(self.pid, value) # starting from CentOS 6. if HAS_CPU_AFFINITY: @wrap_exceptions def cpu_affinity_get(self): return cext.proc_cpu_affinity_get(self.pid) def _get_eligible_cpus( self, _re=re.compile(br"Cpus_allowed_list:\t(\d+)-(\d+)")): # See: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/956 data = self._read_status_file() match = _re.findall(data) if match: return list(range(int(match[0][0]), int(match[0][1]) + 1)) else: return list(range(len(per_cpu_times()))) @wrap_exceptions def cpu_affinity_set(self, cpus): try: cext.proc_cpu_affinity_set(self.pid, cpus) except (OSError, ValueError) as err: if isinstance(err, ValueError) or err.errno == errno.EINVAL: eligible_cpus = self._get_eligible_cpus() all_cpus = tuple(range(len(per_cpu_times()))) for cpu in cpus: if cpu not in all_cpus: raise ValueError( "invalid CPU number %r; choose between %s" % ( cpu, eligible_cpus)) if cpu not in eligible_cpus: raise ValueError( "CPU number %r is not eligible; choose " "between %s" % (cpu, eligible_cpus)) raise # only starting from kernel 2.6.13 if HAS_PROC_IO_PRIORITY: @wrap_exceptions def ionice_get(self): ioclass, value = cext.proc_ioprio_get(self.pid) if enum is not None: ioclass = IOPriority(ioclass) return _common.pionice(ioclass, value) @wrap_exceptions def ionice_set(self, ioclass, value): if value is None: value = 0 if value and ioclass in (IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE, IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE): raise ValueError("%r ioclass accepts no value" % ioclass) if value < 0 or value > 7: raise ValueError("value not in 0-7 range") return cext.proc_ioprio_set(self.pid, ioclass, value) if prlimit is not None: @wrap_exceptions def rlimit(self, resource_, limits=None): # If pid is 0 prlimit() applies to the calling process and # we don't want that. We should never get here though as # PID 0 is not supported on Linux. if self.pid == 0: raise ValueError("can't use prlimit() against PID 0 process") try: if limits is None: # get return prlimit(self.pid, resource_) else: # set if len(limits) != 2: raise ValueError( "second argument must be a (soft, hard) tuple, " "got %s" % repr(limits)) prlimit(self.pid, resource_, limits) except OSError as err: if err.errno == errno.ENOSYS and pid_exists(self.pid): # I saw this happening on Travis: # https://travis-ci.org/giampaolo/psutil/jobs/51368273 raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid) else: raise @wrap_exceptions def status(self): letter = self._parse_stat_file()['status'] if PY3: letter = letter.decode() # XXX is '?' legit? (we're not supposed to return it anyway) return PROC_STATUSES.get(letter, '?') @wrap_exceptions def open_files(self): retlist = [] files = os.listdir("%s/%s/fd" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) hit_enoent = False for fd in files: file = "%s/%s/fd/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid, fd) try: path = readlink(file) except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError): # ENOENT == file which is gone in the meantime hit_enoent = True continue except OSError as err: if err.errno == errno.EINVAL: # not a link continue raise else: # If path is not an absolute there's no way to tell # whether it's a regular file or not, so we skip it. # A regular file is always supposed to be have an # absolute path though. if path.startswith('/') and isfile_strict(path): # Get file position and flags. file = "%s/%s/fdinfo/%s" % ( self._procfs_path, self.pid, fd) try: with open_binary(file) as f: pos = int(f.readline().split()[1]) flags = int(f.readline().split()[1], 8) except FileNotFoundError: # fd gone in the meantime; process may # still be alive hit_enoent = True else: mode = file_flags_to_mode(flags) ntuple = popenfile( path, int(fd), int(pos), mode, flags) retlist.append(ntuple) if hit_enoent: self._assert_alive() return retlist @wrap_exceptions def connections(self, kind='inet'): ret = _connections.retrieve(kind, self.pid) self._assert_alive() return ret @wrap_exceptions def num_fds(self): return len(os.listdir("%s/%s/fd" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))) @wrap_exceptions def ppid(self): return int(self._parse_stat_file()['ppid']) @wrap_exceptions def uids(self, _uids_re=re.compile(br'Uid:\t(\d+)\t(\d+)\t(\d+)')): data = self._read_status_file() real, effective, saved = _uids_re.findall(data)[0] return _common.puids(int(real), int(effective), int(saved)) @wrap_exceptions def gids(self, _gids_re=re.compile(br'Gid:\t(\d+)\t(\d+)\t(\d+)')): data = self._read_status_file() real, effective, saved = _gids_re.findall(data)[0] return _common.pgids(int(real), int(effective), int(saved))